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Executive Branch
Chapter 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Twenty-second Amendment | Passed in 1951, the amendment that limits presidents to two terms of office. |
| Twenty-fifth Amendment | A 1967 amendment to the Constitution that establishes procedures for filling presidential and vice presidential vacancies and makes provisions for presidential disability. |
| Impeachment | Charges against a president approved by a majority of the House of Representatives and tried in the Senate |
| Watergate | The events and scandal surrounding a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in 1972 and the subsequent cover-up of White House involvement, leading to the eventual resignation of President Nixon under the threat of impeachment. |
| executive order | A rule issued by the president that has the force of law |
| Cabinet Departments | The fifteen largest and most influential agencies of the federal bureaucracy (e.g., Department of State, Treasury, Justice...) Headed by Secretary or Attorney General (Department of Justice) |
| National Security Council | An agency in the Executive Office of the President that advises the president on national security |
| Council of Economic Advisors | A three-member body appointed by the president to advise the president on economic policy. |
| Office of Management and Budget (OMB) | The office that prepares the president's annual budget proposal, reviews the budget and programs of the executive departments, supplies economic forecasts, and conducts detailed analyses of proposed bills and agency rules. |
| Veto | Chief executive's power to reject a bill passed by a legislature |
| pocket veto | president's power to kill a bill, if Congress is not in session, by not signing it for 10 days |
| White House of Legislative Affairs | A presidential office that serves as a liaison between the president and Congress. This office helps the president develop the strategy used to promote passage of the president's legislative agenda. |
| War Powers Act | 1973. A resolution of Congress that stated the President can only send troops into action abroad by authorization of Congress or if America is already under attack or serious threat. |
| legislative veto | The authority of Congress to block a presidential action after it has taken place. The Supreme Court has held that Congress does not have this power |
| Federalist 70 | Written by Alexander Hamilton supporting the idea of the presidency as a branch united in one individual so that the presidency can execute the law quickly and without hesitation while being held responsible for action to the people through elections. |
| White House Staff | Personnel who run the White House and advise the President. Includes the Chief of Staff and Press Secretary |
| Joint Chiefs of Staff | -high-ranking military officers who represent the Navy, Army, Air Force and Marines. They assist the civilian leaders of the Department of Defense-advise the president on security matters. |
| press secretary | one of the president's top assistants who is in charge of media relations |
| Chief of Staff | the person who oversees the operations of all White House staff and controls access to the president |
| Twentieth Amendment | Constitutional amendment moving presidential inauguration from March to January |
| lame duck | an outgoing official serving out the remainder of a term, after retiring or being defeated for reelection |
| Special sessions | emergency or crisis meetings which can only be called by the president |
| State of the Union Address | A yearly report by the president to Congress describing the nation's condition and recommending programs and policies |
| Presidential Pardon | presidential authority to release individuals convicted of a crime from legal consequences and set aside punishment for a crime |
| presidential reprieve | when the POTUS postpones the carrying out of a person's sentence |
| Imperial Presidency | President is seen as emperor taking strong actions without consulting Congress or seeking its approval |
| Commander in Chief | term for the president as commander of the nation's armed forces |
| Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952) | The president may not seize factories during wartime without explicit congressional authority even when they are threatened by a strike, check on the presidents use of executive orders |
| executive privilege | An implied presidential power that allows the president to refuse to disclose information regarding confidential conversations or national security to Congress or the judiciary. |
| Executive agreements | Formal international agreements entered into by the president that do not require the advice and consent of the U.S. Senate. |
Created by:
Mrs. Kaminski
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