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Immunity, Part 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| IgA | Antibody that is abundant in secretions such as saliva, tears, and breast milk and protects mucous membranes |
| IgD | Antibody found in the plasma membrane of immature B lymphocytes |
| IgE | Type of antibody that fights parasitic infections and can cause allergic reactions |
| IgM | Antibody found as a monomer in the plasma membrane of B cells, where it promotes B-cell activation, and as a pentamer in the serum where it causes antigen agglutination |
| IgG | Most common type of antibody; it specifically binds to bacterial and viral antigens and is the only type of antibody that can cross the placenta |
| Lymph node | Small, bean-shaped structure that contains immune cells that remove pathogens or damaged cells from the lymph |
| Glycoproteins | Molecules made up of protein and carbohydrate chains that are often involved in cell recognition or serve as antigens |
| Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) | Set of cell-surface proteins involved in the recognition of self and non-self |
| Stem cell | Undifferentiated cell that can specialize to form different mature cell types |
| Humoral immunity | Antibody production against external antigens |
| Cell-mediated immunity | Immune response that does not involve antibodies, such as the destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes |
| Helper T-lymphocytes | Agranulocytes that regulate the immune response in B cells and other T cells |
| Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes | Agranulocytes that kill infected cells or cancer cells |
| Memory cells | Long-lived immune cells capable of recognizing antigens to which they were previously exposed |
| Natural Killer (NK) cells | Type of lymphocyte that provides innate immunity (doesn’t need to be activated by antigen presentation) and is effective in early cancer detection and targeting virus-infected cells |
| CD4 | Glycoprotein found primarily on the surface of T helper cells |
| CD8 | Glycoprotein found on the surface of cytotoxic T lymphocytes |
| Tolerance | Ability of the immune system to recognize–and therefore not respond against–self-produced antigens |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay used to detect circulating antibodies or antigens associated with a particular infection |
| Guillain-Barre syndrome | Rare disorder in which the immune system attacks the nerves |
Created by:
KES-HFHS
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