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Reproduction

MCAT reproduction and development

QuestionAnswer
Sustentacular Cells Function/location Sustain Sperm development Lines Seminiferous Tubule Secrete Androgen binding protein -Keep Testosterone high locally
Interstitial Cells Function/location Make testosterone Located between Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis Function Mature Sperm final maturation/Storage
Vas Deferens Tube lined by smooth muscle Move sperm from epididymis to urethra
Bulbourethral Glands/Greater Vestibular Glands Produce lubricating mucus secretion Clean urethra of trace urine (male)
Seminal Vesicles Activating enzymes for sperm coagulating enzymes - mucus plug over cervix Prostaglandins - cause cervix dilation and vigina contraction
Wolffian/Mullerian Ducts Responsible for Sex development of male/female development of testes produces testosterone and MIF to switch gender in womb
Endometrium Layer where fertilized egg implants in Uterus
Myometrium Smooth muscle wall of uterus Contracts with oxytocin during labor
Uterine tubes Connect uterus and ovary lined by cilia site of Fertilization
Oogenesis Prenatal stage - oogonia replicate through mitosis and start mitosis 1. Halted in prophase 1 (primary oocytes) Monthly from puberty - Primary to secondary oocytes Only one oocyte completes meiosis 1 halts in metaphase 2 Completes if fertalized
Ovum Fertilized oocyte that completes meiosis 2
Ovarian Cycle Follicular phase - 1-13d Ovulation - 14d Luteal Phase - 15-28d
Follicular phase Triggered by rising FSH levels Follicles grow in ovaries
Ovulation Most mature follicle will rupture releasing second oocyte Triggered by LH surge (Most mature has most LH receptors)
Luteal Phase Remnants of follicle becomes corpus luteum Triggered by LH Secretes estrogen/progesterone
Uterine Cycle Mensuration 1-5d Proliferative phase - 6-14 Secretory Phase 15-28
Menstration Shed off old endometrium Low Estrogen/progestogen
Proliferative phase rebuild endometrium rising levels of estrogen low progesterone
Secretory Phase Enhance endometrium with nutrients High estrogen/high progesterone
Created by: mnmoon
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