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Unit 5 Vocabulary
Unit 5 Agriculture and Rural Land-Use -Vocabulary and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Extensive agriculture | agriculture that uses small amounts of labor on a large area of land |
| Intensive agriculture | agriculture that uses a lot of labor on a small area of land |
| Market gardening | small-scale, manual labor agricultural production of a variety of crops to be sold locally |
| Mixed crop/livestock | a farm that raises animal but also feed for those animals and makes money selling the animal products |
| Plantation | a usually large commercial farm that specializes in one or two crops, usually semi-tropical or tropical areas |
| Shifting cultivation | subsistence agriculture form used in tropical areas that cuts down vegetation for burning which provides nourishment to the soil |
| Slash-and-burn agriculture | subsistence agriculture form used in tropical areas that cuts down vegetation for burning which provides nourishment to the soil – every few years the farmer must move to a new location as the nutrients are gone and repeat |
| Clustered settlement | a pattern of rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each others' fields and surround the settlement. |
| Dispersed settlementt | settlement pattern with people living relatively far from each other on their farms |
| Linear settlement | a rural land use pattern that creates a long, narrow settlement around a river, coast, or road that looks like a line |
| Long Lot | a rural land use pattern that divides land into long, narrow lined up along a waterway or road |
| Metes and bounds | a system of describing parcels of land where the metes are the lines (including angle and distance that surround the property) and bound describes features such as a river or public road |
| Township and range | a system of dividing large parcels of where the townships describe how far north or south from the center point |
| Columbian Exchange | a widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations, communicable diseases, and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemishperes that was launched by Columbus's voyages |
| Second Agricultural Revolution | coincides with the Industrial Revolution; increasing yield and access through machines and transportation |
| Green Revolution | the spread of new technologies like high yield seeds and chemical fertilizers to the developing world in the 1960s and 1970s |
| Bid-rent theory | a geographic theory that states the price and demand for real estate change as the distance from the central business district (CBD) |
| Monocropping | agricultural practice of growing a single crop year after year on the same land |
| Monoculture | the cultivation of a single crop in a given area |
| Supply chain | links that connect production and distribution of goods |
| Export commodity | goods sent from one country to another for sale |
| Deforestation | human-driven and natural loss of trees for not forest use |
| Desertification | the process of a dry area becoming drier and losing vegetation |
| Pastoral nomadism | herding animals and migrating with them to find pasture areas without a permanent pasture area |
| Salinization | the slow build up of salt in soil, particularly in irrigated areas, that makes soil unable to grow plants |
| Food deserts | an urban area in which it is difficult to buy affordable or good-quality fresh food |
| GMOs | living thing that has been altered through genetic engineering |
| Value added specialty crops | changing the physical state or form of an agricultural product in a way that increases it's worth (wheat into flour or berries into jam) |
| Food security | Having enough food or food money available to not have to worry about it, or food is easily accessible. |
| Subsistence agriculture | A family that grows crops and animals mainly for themselves. |
| Von Thünen Model | a model that shows the cost of land in relation to the market, and where you can find argriculte in relation to it. |
| Economies of Scale | when compenies spread out production making it cheaper cost for all. |
Created by:
nicholm221
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