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Module 6 Vocabulary
Module 6 Cities and Urban Land-Use - Vocabulary and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Post-modern architecture | an architectural style that emphasized breaking the rules of the rigid style of modern architecture |
| Site | a way of describing where a place is based on the physical characteristics of the surrounding area |
| Situation | a way of describing where a place is based on its relationships with the surrounding areas |
| Urbanization | population shift from rural to urban areas |
| Boomburbs | a suburban city that is rapidly growing, is as large as a major city, but retains its suburban feel |
| Edge city | a relatively large urban area situated on the outskirts of a city, typically beside a major road |
| Exurbs | an area outside of the denser inner suburban area which has an economic and commuting connection to the metro area, low housing density |
| Megacity | a large metropolitan area with a population higher than 10 million |
| Metatcity | a large metropolitan area with a population higher than 20 million |
| Suburbanization | a population shift from central urban areas into suburbs |
| World cities | a large city that is very important to the global economy |
| Primate city | is the largest city in its country or region, disproportionately larger than any others in the urban hierarchy |
| Rank-size rule | the nth largest city in a given country will have 1/n of the population of the largest city in that country |
| Range | the maximum distance that someone is willing to travel to receive a specific service |
| Threshold | the minimum number of people needed for a service to be worthwhile |
| Market area (or hinterland) | geographic zone containing the people who are likely to purchase a firm's goods or services |
| Central business district (CBD) | the main business and commercial area of a town or city |
| Infilling new development | that is placed on vacant or undeveloped land within an existing community |
| De facto segregation | racial segreation that happens organically instead of being enforced by law |
| Greenbelt | an area of open land around a city where development is prohibited |
| Mixed land use | that blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or industrial uses that provides pedestrian connections |
| New urbanism | an urban design movement which promotes environmentally friendly habits by creating walkable neighborhoods containing a wide range of housing and job types |
| Placelessness | when places begin to feel the same due to loss of cultural and historical ties |
| Slow-growth cities | cities that are actively trying to control their growth to promote sustainability |
| Smart growth | planned urban development that aims to reduce environmental effects |
| Walkability | a measure of how friendly a city is to getting around by walking |
| Zoning practices | local laws that define which types of economic activities can take place in specific areas of a city |
| Combined statistical area (CSA) | an area with MSAs and µSAs that are close together and economically linked |
| Metropolitan statistical area (MSA) | a geographical region with a relatively high population density at its core and close economic ties throughout the area. |
| Micropolitan statistical area (MSA) | labor market areas in the United States centered on an urban cluster with a population at least 10,000 but less than 50,00 |
| Blockbusting | real estate agents convincing people to sell houses because of minorities or poor people moving into the area and making money by reselling the property for a higher price |
| Council of government | cities and counties coming together for coordination and urban planning |
| Disamenity zone | the very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not even connected to city services (amenities) and are controlled by gangs and drugs (Favelas in Rio). |
| Environmental injustice | when marginalized groups face higher levels of environmental risk due to others actions |
| Gentrification | people renovating housing in low-income areas to increase the value - rising property values will eventually force the original low-income residents out |
| Redlining | the now illegal (in the USA) practice of refusing to loan money to specific areas because of poverty in the area |
| Slum | a heavily populated area of a city where poor resident live in substandard homes |
| Squatter settlement | groups of house made out of cheap, non-traditional materials built on land not owned by the residents |
| Urban renewal | the redevelopment of areas within a large city, typically involving the clearance of slums |
| Zone of abandonment | areas or neighborhoods where most people migrate away often due to lack of jobs |
| Brownfields | a former industrial or commercial site that people perceived to be contaminated environmentally |
| Suburban Sprawl | the expansion of a city away from urban centers outward with a tendency to turn into suburbs farther out |
| Greyfields | economically outdated real estate - named after the sea of asphalt that often accompanies these sites |
| Public housing | housing provided for people with low incomes, subsidized by the government |
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nicholm221
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