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Social Studies Final
FOR GRADE 6!
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Artifact | an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest |
Primary source | a first-hand account of an event |
Secondary Source | source of information is one that was created later by someone who did not experience first-hand or participate in the event |
Civilization | human social and cultural development and organization that is considered most advanced. |
Characteristics of a civilization | Stable food supply, Social structure, System of government, Religious system, specialization of labor. |
The Cradle of Civilization | Mesopotamia |
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers | The confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers was the place where some of the first civilizations emerged. From ancient times empires arose and fell in the river basin, including Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, Assyria, and the Abbasid Caliphate. |
Code of Hammurabi | a collection of 282 rules, established standards for commercial interactions and set fines and punishments to meet the requirements of justice |
Polytheism | the belief in or worship of more than one god |
The Gift of the Nile | The country Egypt is called the "Gift of the Nile" as it is Egypt's lifeline |
Mummification | The methods of embalming, or treating the dead body, that the ancient Egyptians used |
Hieroglyphics | Egyptian Writing |
Indus River | river of Asia and a trans-Himalayan river of South and Central Asia |
Caste system | existed in some form in India for at least 3,000 years. It is a social hierarchy passed down through families |
Harappan Civilization | Harappan civilisation is sometimes called Mature Harappan to distinguish it from the earlier cultures |
The Yellow River | The Yellow River or Huang He is the second-longest river in China |
Legalism | dependence on moral law rather than on personal religious faith |
Confucianism | Confucianism is an ancient Chinese belief system, which focuses on the importance of personal ethics |
Achievements of China | invented paper, acupuncture. Also, the Chinese discovered the circulatory system. In technology, they invented an iron plow, rudder for steering ships, the seismoscope for detecting earthquakes, a compass, and a wheelbarrow for hauling goods. |
City-state | a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state |
Peloponnesian War | (431–404 BC) was an ancient Greek war fought between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies |
Alexander the Great | Alexander III of Macedon (Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, Romanized: Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BCE – 10/11 June 323 BCE), commonly known as Alexander the Great |
Persian War | Persian Wars, (492–449 BCE), series of wars fought by Greek states and Persia over a period of almost half a century |
Battle of Thermopylae | fought in 480 BC between the Achaemenid Persian Empire under Xerxes I and an alliance of Greek city-states led by Sparta |
The Punic Wars | The Punic Wars were a series of wars between 264 and 146 BC fought between Rome and Carthage |
The Twelve Tables | a set of laws inscribed on 12 bronze tablets created in ancient Rome in 451 and 450 BCE |
Aqueducts | a watercourse constructed to carry water from a source to a distribution point far away in Rome |
Julius Caesar | Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman |
Jesus | Jesus ( 4 BC – AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader |
Christianity | an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth |
Feudalism | the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service |
Manorialism | political, economic, and social system by which the peasants of medieval Europe were rendered dependent on their land and on their lord |
Charlemagne | Charlemagne or Charles the Great a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774 |