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Modern Middle East
Honors Social Studies 2022-23
Term | Definition |
---|---|
What was the 1991 Gulf War? | US vs Iraq over Kuwait invasion |
What was the 2003 Gulf War? | US invasion of Iraq to end Saddam's rule |
What was the Arab Spring? | Uprising in the Middle East using cell phones |
What was the Balfour Declaration? | British approval for Jewish homeland in Palestine |
What was the Cold War? | Geopolitical conflict between US and Soviet Union |
What was the Iran Hostage Crisis? | 66 Americans held hostage in Tehran embassy |
What was the Middle East Mandate? | A compromise dividing Syria among Britain and France in 1918. |
What was the OPEC Formation? | The founding of OPEC in 1960 to prevent big oil companies from lowering oil prices. |
What was the Ottoman Empire's role in World War I? | The Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers in World War I. |
What was the Suez Canal Crisis? | The nationalization of the Suez Canal by Egyptian President Nasser, leading to a military operation by Britain, France, and Israel in 1956. |
What was the Six Day War? | A war in 1967 between Israel and neighboring Arab states, resulting in Israel conquering many places in the Middle East. |
What is the Sykes-Picot Agreement? | A British-French agreement to divide Ottoman Arab provinces. |
What was the goal of the Sykes-Picot Agreement? | To divide the Ottoman Empire's Arab provinces between Britain and France. |
What is the Syrian Civil War? | A war that started with peaceful protests for democracy and evolved into violence. |
What caused the Syrian Civil War? | Protests for democracy after a massive drought and the violent response of the Assad regime. |
Who supported the rebels in the Syrian Civil War? | The U.S army and Europe. |
What is the UN Partition of Palestine? | A conflict between Jews and Arabs in Palestine over British-controlled territory. |
What is the War on Terrorism? | An international military campaign launched by the U.S government after the 9/11 attacks. |
Who are the primary targets of the War on Terrorism? | Sunni Islamic fundamentalist armed groups located throughout the Muslim world. |
What was World War I in the Middle East? | A conflict fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies in the Middle East. |
Who were the primary belligerents in World War I in the Middle East? | The Ottoman Empire and the Allies. |
What was the outcome of World War I in the Middle East? | The Ottoman Empire was dissolved and the modern Middle East was created. |
What is the Israeli-Palestinian conflict? | A conflict between Israelis and Palestinians over territory and self-determination. |
What role did the Sykes-Picot Agreement play in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict? | It led directly to the conflict by making unrealistic promises to the Arabs. |
What was World War 1 in the Middle East? | Fight between French/British vs Syrians/Central Powers. |
What were the consequences of World War 1 in the Middle East? | Millions of civilians displaced, faced starvation, diseases, and misery. |
What is Zionism? | Movement for Jewish homeland. |
Who started Zionism? | Theodor Herzl. |
Why did Jews need a place to live after the war? | To be safe. |