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Sport - Cardio
Sport - Cardiovascular - Responses
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anticipatory rise in heart rate prior to exercise | The release of adrenalin prepares your body for the increased demands exercise will put on the body |
| Increased heart rate | due to the rise in carbon dioxide picked up by the chemoreceptors. |
| Increased cardiac output | exercise increases the demand for oxygen, so cardiac output also increases |
| Cardiac output | stroke volume X heart rate (amount of blood pumped from the heart in 1 minute) |
| Stroke volume | the amount of blood ejected by the heart per beat |
| Heart rate | the number of times the heart beats per minute |
| Increased blood pressure | exercise means more blood is pumped through the blood vessels |
| Blood pressure | the pressure of the blood against the walls of your arteries |
| Systolic (top number) | the pressure on your artery wall when the heart contracts |
| Diastolic (bottom number) | the pressure on your artery when the heart relaxes |
| What happens to blood flow during exercise | It is redirected from the digestive system (vasoconstriction) to the working muscles (vasodilation) |
| Cardiac Hypertrophy | where the walls of the heart gets thicker, this increases the strength of its contractions |
| Cardiac Hypertrophy means the heart can... | pump more blood per beat so can transport more oxygen to the working muscles |
| Why does exercise lead to a decrease in resting heart rate? | Because the heart is bigger and can pump more blood per beat, the heart does not have to work as hard |
| Exercise leads to a reduction in resting blood pressure, what does this reduce the risk of? | heart disease & stroke |
| Exercise increases capillarisation, what does this lead to? | more oxygen & nutrients can be diffused into the blood from the alveoli and into the muscles |
| Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome (SADS) | a heart condition that can cause sudden death. |
| What is SADS usually caused by? | an irregular heart beat (cardiac arrythmia) |
| Hypertension | high blood pressure (risk for heart disease & stroke) |
| Hypotension | low blood pressure |
| Hyperthermia | increase in core body temperature (can lead to heat stroke) |
| Hypothermia | drop in core body temperature below 35C |
Created by:
samfitter
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