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HIST Study
Test Questions Study + Unit 3 Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mary Rowlandson | Explained King Philip's War as an act of God |
| William Berkeley | Was removed from office by King Charles II |
| Beaver Wars | Led to the defeat of the Huron |
| Feitoria | Refers to what Portuguese traders established in Africa, beginning in 1445 |
| Jacques Cartier | Became famous for the term "Canadian Diamond" |
| The Pequot War | Ultimately led to the formation of the United Colonies of New England |
| Pueblo War for Independence | Caused many Pueblo to prefer a future living peacefully with the Spanish |
| Glorious Revolution | Preserved English liberty despite mob attacks and thousands of deaths |
| Royal Orders for New Discoveries 1573 | Required missionaries to play a key role in exploring, pacifying, and colonizing new territories |
| Jean-Baptiste Colbert | Hoped to use North America's first standing army to establish French mercantilism |
| John Smith | Managed to avert a war that broke out shortly after he left (First Anglo-Powhattan War) |
| Act of Union 1707 | United Scotland, England, and Wales |
| The Articles of Capitulation | Granted Dutch residents religious liberty |
| William Pitt | Hoped to force France to sacrifice its colonies and established Pittsburgh as a safe haven for Quakers and Moravians |
| The Yamasee War | Slowed the Indian slave trade |
| The Linen Act of 1705 | Prompted thousands of Ulsterites to set sail to North America |
| William Penn | Established Philadelphia in a way that would avert the fate of London |
| The United Colonies of New England 1643 | Was a successful version of what Miantonomi had failed to create between Narragansett and their allies |
| Salutary Neglect | Term used by historians to describe the colonial-imperial relationship into the 1760's |
| Pennsylvania | A large, multi-denominational colony that included Baptists, Puritans, and Quakers that was established by a well-known son of a royal advisor, William Penn |
| Cyrus McCormick | Built a mechanical reaper that revolutionized harvesting |
| The 10th amendment to the United States Constitution | clearly restricts the power of the Federal government |
| John Locke | developed important ideas about life, liberty, and property |
| Catherine the Great | Formed the League of Armed Neutrality to protect neutral shipping |
| American System | promoted the use of federal government funds for infrastructure projects |
| Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben | Was granted citizenship and land in payment for his service |
| Abigail Adams | Was the first First Lady to live in the Whitehouse |
| The XYZ Affair | Created a sudden shift in public opinion with violence against the French party |
| John Jacob Aster | Was a major player in the fur trade |
| Jean-Jacques Dessalines | Declared independence after killing or expelling the remaining white residents |
| Marbury v. Madison | Greatly expanded the power of the Supreme Court and fundamentally changed the balance of power in the federal government |
| Deborah Sampson Gannett | Twice enlisted in the Continental Army |
| Luis de Onis | Helped initiate what John Q. Adams called "a great epoch in our history" |
| American Colonization Society | Transported free blacks to Liberia because its members believed that blacks and whites could not coexist |
| Robert Fulton | Perfected a useable high-powered boat engine that helped him form a monopoly in New York |
| The Monroe Doctrine | Was a bold statement of independence that would later be used to justify intervention |
| Yusf Qaramanli | Declared war on the United States in 1801 |
| Abraham Lincoln | President from 1861-1865; won by 39%; assassinated |
| Edgar Allen Poe | Author from American Renaissance; essays, fiction, and poetry. Took inspiration from Oriental tales |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Political tool used by Lincoln that declared all slaves free |
| Fifteenth Amendment | Blanket prohibition against denying the right to vote based upon race; did not include women |
| Fourteenth Amendment Section 1 | Created citizenship for everyone born or naturalized in US |
| Fourteenth Amendment Section 3 | Disqualified Southerners from holding office without permission |
| Fourteenth Amendment Section 4 | Briefly suspended the 5th amendment (after civil war) |
| Herman Melville | Fiction author from American Renaissance who wrote Moby Dick; works offered insight to mid 19th century America |
| Jefferson Davis | Former congressman who became president of the confederacy |
| John Brown | Evangelical abolitionist from east; killed pro-slavery family and abandoned pacifism; represented frustration with slow rate of change |
| John C. Calhoun | Carolina Senator and former vice president; argued in favor of slavery |
| Nullification | Constitutional theory stating that states can invalidate federal laws or judicial decisions they find unconstitutional |
| Popular Sovereignty | Coined by Stephen Douglas; method used to resolve conflict over slavery in Kansas territory |
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