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Middle Ages
Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Crusades | A long series of wars between Christian and Muslims who fought for the Holy Land in Israel |
| Medieval | Referring to the Middle Ages c.950-1300 A.D. |
| Chivalry | The code of honorable behavior for Medieval knights |
| Parliament | The lawmaking body that governed Europe |
| Excommunicate | To cast out from the church |
| Saladin | Muslim general, he led the Muslim forces during the 3rd crusade |
| Pope | The head o the Catholic Church |
| Manor | A large country house with land |
| Charlemagne | King of the Franks, he was a brilliant warrior and strong leader |
| Knight | A person who served his lord as a mounted and heavily armed soldier |
| Steed | A horse used for riding |
| Thomas Aquinas | Dominican philosopher, he argued rational thought could be used to support Christian belief |
| Benedict | Italian saint and monk, he created a set of rules for monks to follow |
| King Richard | King of England, he led Christian soldiers in the 3rd crusade became known as King Richard Lionheart |
| William the Conqueror | Powerful French noble who conquered England, he brought Feudalism to England |
| Magna Carta | A document signed in 1215 A.D. by King John that required the king to honor certain rights |
| King John | Signed the Magna Carta on June 15, 1215 A.D. guaranteed that the king would respect feudal rights |
| Hundred Years War | A long conflict between England and France that lasted from 1447 to 1453 A.D. |
| Black Death | Also known as the Bubonic Plague a deadly disease that swept through Europe between 1347-1351 A.D. |
| Protestant | A member or follower of any of the Western Christian Churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church |
| Dark Ages | I a historical period of time traditionally referring to the Middle Ages marked by a decline in literature |
| Serf | A tenant farmer was bound to a hereditary plot of land and to the will of his landlord |
| The Great Schism | 1054 A.D. was the breakup of he Christian Church into two sections the Western (Roman Catholic) and the Eastern sections ( Greek Orthodox) |
| Renaissance | A time period after the Dark Ages where classical learning was revived |
| Reformation | A term covering a number of changes in Western Christianity (Europe) between the 24th and 17th centuries |
| Jousting | A medieval sports contest in which two opponents on horseback typically knights fight with lances |
| Lance | A medieval pole weapon or spear specially made to be used by mounted combatant. The medieval lance was 9 to 14 ft long |
| Court Jester | ¨fool"was historically an entertainer during the medieval era who was a member of the household of a monarch employed to entertain quests |
| Vassal | A person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he has wowed homage |
| Homage | A special honor or respect shown publicly especially for feudal allegiance |
| Fief | An estate of land especially one held on condition of feudal service |
| Lord | Those who leased land or other property and ran the estate |
| Feudalism | System rank in which people were given land and protection by people of higher rank, and worked for them in return |
| Bailiff | The senior person living on the manor if the lord was absent also acted as chief law officer on the manor and collected rent |
| Reeve | A senior official with local responsibilities under the Crown, such as the chief magistrate of a town or district |
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