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HGAP Model/Theory
Types of Models and Theories
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Burgess concentric zone model | Has older homes located closer to CBD Newer development happening further out Outdated due to globalization |
| Central Place Theory | How far will customer go for good service? |
| Malthus Theory | While population increases geometrically, food supply increases arithmetically (population will increase more quickly than food supply) |
| Neo-Malthusian theory | earth's resources can only support a finite population --Pressure on scarce natural resources leads to famine and war |
| Von Thünen Model | helps to explain rural land use by emphasizing the importance of transportation costs associated with distance from the market |
| 1st Von Thunen Ring (Closest to the Market) | Dairy and gardening is close to the center because it is a perishable good |
| 2st Von Thunen Ring | Forests are close to the market, because people need it for fuel and This needed to be close and is expensive to transport |
| 3rd Von Thunen Ring | Extensive agriculture (grains, field crops) do not perish fast, and need plenty space to grow |
| 4th Von Thunen | Livestock and ranching further from the market for cheap land |
| Gravity Model | interaction of places based on their population, sizes, and distances between them |
| Hoyt Sector Model | suggests that people will live in the different sectors based on income levels. |
| Concentric-Zone Mode | divides the city into five concentric zones, defined by their function, centered around the CBD. (its basically chicago) |
| Bid-Rent Theory | relationship of price of land to the market, further we go from urban city, the cheaper land will be. |
| Multiple Neculi Model | Multiple CBD's (each have their own purpose), City can become segregated because of the areas residents are living |
| Galactic (Peripheral) Model | past post-industrialization, model focuses on services for the city, people now live farther away from CBD. (Model has Edge Cities) |
| Epidemiological Transition Model | how society has developed and how and why people are dying |
| 1st ETM (epidemiological model) stage | Pestilence and Famine (High CDR) Infectious diseases are a principal causes of human deaths |
| 2nd ETM (epidemiological model) stage | Receding Pandemics. improved sanitation, medicine and better nutrition |
| 3rd ETM (epidemiological model) stage | Degenerative and Human-created diseases Characterized by a decrease in infectious diseases |
| 4th ETM (epidemiological model) stage | Delayed Degenerative The major degenerative causes of death - cardiovascular diseases and cancers, but with extended life expectancy. |
| Demographic Transition Model | population growth and decline. |
| Stage 1: DTM (demographic model) | Low Growth: HIGH CBR, HIGH CDR (Very Low NIR) (NIR = percent population will grow in a year) {EX: A few remote areas} |
| Stage 2: DTM | High Growth: HIGH CBR, Falling CDR (Very High NIR) {EX: Egypt, Kenya, India} |
| Stage 3: DTM | Mid Growth: Falling Birth Rate (CBR) , Falling Death Rate (CDR) [due to woman getting more work opportunities] (Moderate NIR) {EX: Brazil, Botswana} |
| Stage 4: DTM | Low Growth: Very low CBR, Low CDR (No NIR [not falling not growing]) {EX: USA, Japan, France, UK} |
| Stage 5: DTM | Negative Growth: Very low CBR, Rising CDR (Negative NIR) [viruses have adapted and beat our medicines] {EX: Germany} |
| Christaller’s central place theory: | how services are distributed and why a regular pattern of settlements exists |
| Weber’s Least Cost Theory: | Minimize three categories of costs to increase profits: Transportation (weight and distance), Labor (cheap labor), and Agglomeration |
Created by:
ZoyaC
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