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WWII Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Benito Mussolini Italian Fascist dictator.
Adolf Hitler German dictator, head of the Nazi Party
Joseph Stalin Communist dictator of the Soviet Union from 1924 - 1953.
Neville Chamberlain Prime Minister of Great Britain, made the Munich Agreement with Hitler.
General Dwight D. Eisenhower The Supreme Allied Commander in Europe.
Tuskegee Airman Famous segregated unit of African American pilots.
Code Talkers Navajo Indians recruited by the U.S. Marine Corps to transmit messages in the Navajo language.
Pearl Harbor U.S. Naval Base attacked by Japanese forces on December 7, 1941. Led to Americans joining the war effort.
D-Day Allied invasion of France on June 6, 1944.
Yalta Conference The conference in which the allies planned the post-war world.
Battle of the Bulge The final German assault in December 1944 in the Ardennes region of Belgium and Luxembourg.
Battle of Midway The U.S. victory over the Japanese off Midway Island that proved to be the turning point of the war.
Nuremberg Trials The war crime trials of Nazi leaders in Nuremberg, Germany.
Potsdam Conference The Allies’ meeting in Potsdam, Germany to plan t he end of the war.
Lend- Lease Act An act which allowed the United States to lend weapons to allies.
Axis Powers The Rome-Berlin Axis, the alliance between Mussolini and Hitler later joined by Japan.
Appeasement The meeting of demands from a hostile power in order to avoid war.
Blitzkrieg German “lightning war” tactics. In an effort to strike an opponent strategically and quickly.
Holocaust The Nazi German crime of killing more than 11 million Jews and other persecuted peoples in concentration camps.
Manhattan Project The top-secret government project to develop the atomic bomb.
Genocide The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with aim of destroying that nation or group.
Island Hopping The Allied strategy in the Pacific of invading selected islands, and using them as bases to advance closer to Japan.
Fascism Political philosophy that advocates a strong nationalistic dictatorship.
Totalitarianism A system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete obedience to the state.
Allied Powers (WWII) The “Big Three”, the United States, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain allied together during World War II.
Capitalism An economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather by the state.
Communism An economic and political system in which the government plans and controls with the goal of common ownership.
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