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Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002
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Caucus
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Ap gov terms unit 5
AP gov key terms form unit 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 | Also known as the McCain-Feingold Act, it banned soft money donations by individuals to presidential candidates and set aggregate limits for individuals contributing to individual candidates. |
| Caucus | Party regulars meeting in small groups asking questions, discussing qualifications regarding candidates, and voting on whether to endorse a particular candidate. In presidential campaigns. |
| Closed primary | primary in which only registered party members can vote. Florida is a state that has closed primaries. |
| Coalitions | the alliance of special-interest groups with the purpose of achieving the same goal using both direct lobbying snd grassroots lobbing |
| Critical elections | an election that results in a party realignment caused by the movement of voters from one party to another. The election of 1980 was a critical election because traditional Democrats voted for Ronald Reagan. They became known as Reagan Democrats. |
| Demographic | characteristics of a population, including age, sex, and race. Demographics are often used to determine changes in the makeup of a population. |
| Electoral College | The number of electors is based on the states population. The states with the greatest population have the most electors is based on the states population. The candidate with a majority of the electoral voters is elected office. |
| Free rider* | Characteristics of a population, including age, sex, and race. Demographics are often used to determine changes in the makeup of a population. |
| Incumbency | Those sitting officials who are running for another term in office. |
| Iron triangle | The interrelationship among bureaucracies, the government, interest groups, and the public, which also establishes a pattern of relationships among an agency in the executive branch, Congress, and one or more outside clients of that agency. |
| Issue network* | Relationships among interest groups, congressional committees and subcommittees, and the government agencies that share a common policy concern. |
| Linkage institutions | The means by which individuals can express preferences regarding the development of public policy. Examples of linkage institutions include political parties, special interest groups, and the media. |
| Midterm election | The congressional election that takes place two years into the first or second term of a president |
| Open primary | Registered voters from either party can cross over and vote in the other party's primary. New Hampshire has one. |
| Party identification | How a person acts when belonging to a political party. |
| Party realignment | The movement of voters from one political party to another, resulting in a major shift in the political spectrum (characterized by the start of a party era). |
| Party-line voting | Voting for every candidate running for office from one party. |
| Political efficacy | Relates to those who identify the strongest with a political party and vote for every candidate running from that party in the general election. |
| Political platforms | Positions a party takes that are adopted by the party as its convention. |
| Proportional voting | Delegates are selected in a primary based on the percentage of the vote the candidate received in the election. |
| Prospective voting | Voters deciding that what will happen in the future is the most important factor. If the voter feels that the party in power has done a poor job, that voter will vote for the other party. |
| Rational choice voting | Refers to voting based on decisions made after considering alternative positions. |
| Retrospective voting | The decisions people make on voting based on how political parties perform, how elected officials perform, and the extent to which an elected administration achieves its goals. |
| Single-issue group | A special interest group, such as the American Rifle association, which has one outstanding issue that attracts its members to join. |
| Social movement | Grassroots actions by individuals who want the government to enact laws supporting that group and its causes. Examples include gay rights advocates and women's equality groups. |
| Winner-take-all voting | the candidate receiving a plurality of votes in a primary election gets all the delegates. |
| Iowa caucus | The first in the nation presidential preference vote usually held in Jan. The results reflect the organization ability and strength of presedential candidates. The majority of candidates who win the Iowa caucus go on to win their party's nominatin |
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