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Africana Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| call and response | talks about the give and take between audience and either a pastor or a performer |
| jihad | protection of the faith, inner struggle to do good |
| black belt | pushing black people into specific areas where they can live during the great migration, ‘ghettos’ |
| redlining | ways to restrict where black people could live, property values were less and had less resources |
| block-busting | pressure on white families to leave areas black people were moving in to |
| sundown towns | risk to be in certain towns after the sun went down, could be harassed or lynched |
| NAACP | national association for the advancement of colored people |
| greenbook | guide to know safe towns, where to travel, where it was safe to stay and get something to eat |
| COIN-telpro | FBI behind it, primarily going after black organizations and black leaders |
| politics | the art and process of gaining, maintaining and using the power to create and sustain a just and good society and world |
| power | the capacity to act and achieve, despite the opposition from others |
| influence | the ability to affect change |
| state | the totality of institutes which facilitate governance and in some social control |
| party | a political structure specifically designed to seize control or effectively participate in state power |
| nyamakala | an artisan/tradesman in West Africa, griot |
| nyama | a powerful force/energy released when the nyamakala performs |
| naamu-sayer | often accompanies the band by singing affirmations to the bards words, acts as a representation of the voices the listener |
| folk talk | entertaining stories with moral messages, usually for children |
| black arts movement | associated with the black power movement, artistic end of the black power movement |
| mammy | fat, maternal figure, loved the white kids of the family they took care of |
| coon | dumb, slow, lazy black men |
| uncle tom | very faithful to the white family they served, butler, male version of the mammy |
| black buck | dangerous black men, over sexualized |
| jezebel | loose, promiscuous black women, over sexualized |
| tragic mulatto | in film a black person trying to pass as white, fear of being found out |
| pickaninny | dirty, wild black kids |
| sapphire | angry black women |
| social dance | form of dance that makes you part of a group, had steps everyone knows, all about forming community |
| gospel | music that is all about praise and thankfulness, upbeat and happy |
| Richard Allen | founded the first independent black denomination, AME church |
| Martin Luther king Jr.(agreeable)/Malcom X(radical) | goal was the same, opposite on the way things should be handled |
| Elijah Muhammad | leader of the nation of Islam, recruited Malcom X |
| Louis Farrakhan | current leader of the nation of Islam |
| Booker T. Washington | segregation, vocational jobs to have own business, favorite among white America |
| W.E.B. DuBois | integration, believed in the connection between black people no matter where they are, first African American to get pHd from Harvard |
| Carter G. Woodson | integration, founder of black history month |
| Marcus Garvey | separation, pack up and go back to Africa, built a shipping company to carry out, considered most radical |
| Claudette Colvin | refused to give up bus seat before Rosa Parks, was a teenager and became pregnant |
| Fannie Lou Hammer | spoke at democratic national convention, right to vote |
| Diane Nash | freedom riders, SNCC |
| Dorothy Height | godmother of the civil rights, longest president of the national origination for negro women (40 years) |
| Myrlie Evers | wife of Medgar Evers, continued his work |
| Betty Shabazz | Malcom X wife, continued his work |
| Corretta Scott King | Martin Luther King Jr. wife, continued his work |
| Carolyn Bryant | white woman that accused Emmitt Till, confessed it was a lie recently |
| Thomas “Daddy” Rice | created the character Jim Crow, led to black face, made fun of black men |
| Emmitt Till | 14 year old boy murdered because of Carolyn Bryant |
| Medgar Evers | secretary for NAACP, involved in a lot of cases where they go after the government for political issues |
| Huey P. Newton/Bobby Seale | founded the black panther party for self defense |
| Thurgood Marshall | first African American supreme court judge |
| O.W. Gurley | founder of black wall street |
| Sarah Spenser Washington | black hair care company |
| Stock let Carmichael | coined the term black power, inspired the start of the movement |
| Fred Hampton | leader of the chicago chapter of the black party, murdered by the chicago police and the FBI |
| Latasha Harlan | shot and killed by a store merchant that accused her of stealing orange juice |
| Rodney King | beaten by police, acquittal of police officers |
| Franklin D. Rooosevelt | democratic party, social programs like welfare |
| Hiram Revels | first black US senator |
| John Willis Menard | first black elected to congress |
| George Edwin Taylor | first black to run for president |
| Shirley Chisholm | first black woman to run for president |
| Jesse Jackson | first to really have any success at running for president, ran twice |
| Douglas Wilder | first black governor |
| Carol Moseley Braun | black female senator |
| Barack Obama | first black president |
| Kamala Harris | first black VP |
| Langston Hughes | major author of harlem renaissance era |
| James Weldon Johnson | “Lift Every Voice and Sing”, became the black national anthem |
| Lorraine Hansberry | wrote a raisin in the sun, first broadway directed by a black director |
| James Baldwin | major author of the black arts movement |
| Toni Morrison | first African American to be department chair at Princeton, first black woman to receive Nobel prize for literature |
| Alice Walker | pulitzer prize in literature |
| Amori Baraka/The Last Poets/Gil Scott-Heron | godfathers of hip hop, set their poetry to music |
| Sidney Poitier | first to get African American to get a best actor academy award |
| Diahann Carrol | first black woman to star in a television show where she wasn’t a servant |
| Melvin Van Peebles | wrote, directed, produced the first blaxploitation film |
| Spike Lee | primary black director of the 80’s, opened the door for more black directors |
| John Singleton | first lack director nominated for an academy award, for best director |
| Hattie McDaniel | first black actress to get an academy award, best supporting actress |
| Denzel Washington | two academy awards |
| Halle Berry | only black female to have won best actress academy award |
| Maheshala Ali | two academy awards |
| Ruth Carter | first black person to win best costume design, for Black Panther |
| Hannah Beachler | first black person to win best production design, for Black Panther |
| W.C. Handy | father of the blues |
| Thomas Dorsey | father of gospel music |
| Isaac Hayes | first to get an oscar for best original song |
| Michael Jackson | first black artist shown on MTV |
| Prince | earned an oscar for best original song score |
| significant events (and years) of the Civil Rights Movement (essay) | 1954 - Brown v. Board of Education 1955 - Emmett Till 1956 - Montgomery buses desegregate 1965 - Malcom X is assassinated 1967 - Loving v. Virginia 1968 - MLK Jr. assassinated |
| the benefits and disadvantages of Christianity for the black community | advantages: way to mobilize, source of comfort, sense of community disadvantages: used by enslavers to justify slavery, images of white Jesus |
| key elements of Christianity | sacred scriptures, authority, speculation, ethics, traditions, sacred time |
| the significance of the black church and gospel music | brings joy into your life, makes the burden lighter, preachers often sing or speak with a melody |
| key elements of Islam | sacred scripture, authority, speculation, ethics, traditions, sacred |
| the connections between the black power movement and the black arts movement (essay) | during the black power movement it was all about reconnecting with African roots, pushed for change, out o that came artistic change as well, people changing their names to more African ones |
| the difference between power and influence | power is the ability to achieve change despite opposition while influence is the ability to affect change if you know people |
| reasoning behind African Americans joining the Republican party | Abe Lincoln was a part of it, looked at as responsible for emancipation and the 13, 14, 15 amendments |
| reasoning behind African Americans joining the Democratic party | FDR put forwards a lot of social programs to help poor people |
| political administrations and the connection to mass incarceration (essay) | Nixon: southern strategy, war on crime Reagan: war on drugs, 1 to 100 sentencing ratio H. W. Bush: news media, fake drug bust Clinton: violent crime control act and law enforcement act of 1994, provided funding for things W. Bush: war on terror |
| history behind policing in America (essay) | slave patrols, enforcement of slave codes, KKK, positions as police officers did not require college degrees and often were dominated by working class that had a higher level of resentment of African Americans |
| the black family before, after colonization and today | before: equal partnership, women leadership positions and warriors after: fracture and divided families, psychological trauma led to secrecy today: most children get raised in a two parent household even if it is the grandparents |
| mass incarceration stats | black americans are incarcerated in state prisons nearly 5 times the rate of white americans, nationally one in 81 black adults per 100,000 in the U.S. is serving time in state prison |
| black health disparities | experimentation during enslavement, Tuskegee Syphilis study, women were three times more likely to die of pregnancy related causes, had an infant mortality rate twice the rate for white infants |
| common stereotypes in early film and television (essay) | blackface, jezebels, mammy, pickanninies, sapphire, coons, uncle toms |
| characteristics of blaxploitation films | represents a series of films made in the 1970s featuring predominately black casts, most were criticized or advancing negative stereotypes of blacks |
| characteristics of hip hop gansta films | rap music, drugs, gang violence |
Created by:
cvanfossen
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