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AH - Unit 10
Ancient Rome
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aeneas | Legendary Roman hero; the Romans traced their history back to Aeneas. Aeneas was a Trojan hero who left Troy after the Trojan War, eventually settling in Italy. |
| Romulus and Remus | Legendary figures in Roman history; they were said to have built a city that eventually became Rome. |
| Republic | a political system in which people elect leaders to govern them |
| Plebeians | the common people of ancient Rome |
| Patricians | .the nobility in Roman society |
| Roman Senate | a council of wealthy and powerful citizens who advised Rome’s leaders |
| Veto | to reject or prohibit actions and laws of other government officials |
| Legions | a group of up to 6,000 Roman soldiers |
| Hannibal | Carthaginian general; he was one of the greatest generals of the ancient world. Hannibal invaded Italy during the Second Punic War but was eventually defeated by Scipio at the Battle of Zama. |
| Spartacus | Former Roman gladiator; he led a slave revolt against Rome. |
| Julius Caesar | Roman general; he was one of the greatest military leaders in history. Caesar conquered most of Gaul and was named dictator for life but was later murdered by a group of senators. |
| Augustus | First Roman emperor; he was originally named Octavian. He was the great-nephew of Julius Caesar and gained control of Rome after defeating Marc Antony in battle. As emperor, Augustus built many monuments and a new forum. |
| Hadrian | Roman emperor; he conquered most of Britain and built a huge wall across the northern part of the island to keep barbarian invaders from the north out of Roman territory. |
| Currency | money |
| Pax Romana | Roman Peace; a period of general peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire that lasted from 27 BC to AD 180 |
| Diocletian | Roman emperor; he divided the Roman Empire into eastern and western halves. |
| Attila | Leader of the Huns; he led invasions of Constantinople, Greece, Gaul, and northern Italy and was greatly feared by the Romans. |
| Corruption | the decay of people’s values |
| Galen | Greek surgeon of the Roman Empire; he described heart valves and studied arteries and veins. |
| Virgil | Roman author; he wrote the Aeneid, the great epic about the founding of Rome. |
| Aqueduct | a human-made raised channel that carries water from distant places |
| Satire | style of writing that pokes fun at people or society |
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