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comparative religion
unit 4 illustrated glossary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Arabic | Semitic language spoken written in a wide arc of territory, stretching across the Middle east, north africa and the horn of africa |
agonstic | a position stating that the existence of god cant be proven |
Atheism | a position stating that there is no god or gods |
Brahma | In hinduism the god (deva) of creation |
Buddha | Hindu for enlightenend one foundeer of buddhism siddhartha Gautama |
Buddhism | Buddhism developed in india and is a belief in an endless cycle of reincarnation or samsara which is similar to beliefs of hinduism |
Christianity | This is a monotheistic religion developed from judaism and believes jesus died for our sins was buried was resurrected and thereby offers salvation to all who receive him in faith |
Demographics | the statistical data of a population such as average age income education |
Dharma | the act of fulfilling ones duty in life associated with hinduism and buddhism |
Eightflold path | code of behavior for followers of buddhism |
five pillars of islam | code of behavior for followers of islam |
four noble truths | Siddharthas gautama philosophy of the nature of human suffering and its relation to desire |
Golden rule | a rule of conduct to do others as you would have them do to you |
hajj | the polgrimage or holy journey to the city of mecca |
hebrew | semitic language orginating in ancient palestine and spoken by the israelities. morden hebrew was delveloped in 19th |
Hinduism | A polytheistic religion that believes salvation is achieved through a spiritual oneness of the soul, atman, with the ultimate reality of the universe, Brahma |
Holy Land | term given to lands in present day Israel that is significant to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam |
holy trinity | Formed by the Creator (Father), Redeemer (Son), and Sustainer (Holy Spirit). Christians believe that these three entities are all part of a single higher power |
Imam | In Islam, the leader of prayers and religious scholar |
islam | the youngest of the world's major monotheistic religions. Worshippers of this monotheistic religion are known as Muslims, which means "one who submits to the will of Allah" |
jihad | effort in God’s service waged by Muslims in defense of the Islamic faith |
Judaism | Judaism is the oldest known monotheistic religion that teaches that there is one God who is the creator of all things. It is the basis for more recently developed religions such as Christianity and Islam |
karma | Actions in this life result from the consequences of a previous life’s actions. Associated with Hinduism and Buddhism |
messiah | According to the Hebrew Bible, an anointed king who will lead the Jews back to the land of Israel and establish justice in the world. According to the Christians, the Messiah was Jesus Christ |
monotheism | the belief in one god or goddess |
mosque | a domed Islamic religious building |
New Testament | sacred scripture of Christians, a collection of Christian works written in the common Greek language of the first century, at different times by various writers |
Nirvana | in Buddhism, spiritual enlightenment |
nonpartisan | not biased especially toward any particular political group |
polytheism | the belief in many gods or goddesses |
Pope | the bishop of Rome; head of the Roman Catholic Church |
Quran | Islamic holy book verbally revealed from Allah (God in Arabic) to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel. Considered a book of guidance for life by Muslims |
Rabbi | Jewish scholar charged with conducting religious services, ensuring that Jewish laws are observed, and serving as a spiritual guide for the communityy |
Ramadan | The ninth month of the Muslim calendar. All Muslims must fast during daylight hours, except the very young or sick |
reuincarnation | the rebirth of a soul into another body |
religion | a person's beliefs concerning the existence and worship of a god or gods, and divine involvement in the universe and human life |
sacraments | Christian religious practices such as baptism |
sacred | worthy of or regarded with religious worship, and/or respect |
Talmud | the collection of Jewish writings that is the basis of Jewish religious law |
Torah | The holy book of Judaism. It describes the creation of the world, the history of ancient Israel, the Ten Commandments, and contains then Psalms and the prophetic books |
Upanishads | Hindu holy book from the 8th century BCE that contains revealed truths concerning the nature of ultimate reality) and describing the character and form of human salvation |
Vedas | a Hindu holy book which is a collection of Aryan hymns that were transmitted orally before being written down in the 6th century BCE |