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America in WWII
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| George Marshall | Army Chief of Staff who mobilized the American army for WW2 |
| Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) | army unit created that allowed women to serve in noncombat positions |
| Office of Price Administration (OPA) | organization that fought inflation by freezing prices on common goods |
| War Production Board (WPB) | organization that converted companies from peacetime to wartime production and allocated raw materials to key industries |
| Manhattan Project | code name for the secret research project to develop atomic bombs |
| A. Philip Randolph | leading black labor leader who called a march in Washington D.C. to protest factories' refusal to hire black Americans; led to Roosevelt's decision to end segregation in the army |
| Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) | interracial group founded by James Farmer to work against segregation in Northern cities |
| internment | the state of being confined as a prisoner, especially for political or military reasons |
| Japanese Americans League (JAL) | organization of Japanese Americans who pushed the government to compensate those sent to camps for their lost property |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | general who began in North Africa and became the commander of Allied Forces in Europe |
| Omar Bradley | American general who led ground forces on D-Day |
| D-Day | Allied invasion of German-occupied France |
| Battle of the Bulge | massive German counterattack that created a "bulge" in Allied lines that failed and left Germany with heavy losses |
| Douglas MacArthur | American general who commanded Allied troops in the Pacific |
| Bataan Death March | Japanese transfer of 60,000 American and Filipino war prisoners across Pacific Islands without food or safety |
| Chester Nimitz | admiral of the Pacific fleet who used aircraft carriers to destroy the Japanese navy |
| Battle of Midway | turning point in the Pacific war between Japan and the United States |
| island hopping | military strategy used in war in the Pacific of selectively attacking enemy-held islands and bypassing others |
| kamikaze | Japanese suicide pilots |
| V-E Day | day when Germans surrendered to Allies in Europe |
| Harry S. Truman | succeeded presidential office after FDR; gave order to drop atomic bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima |
| Robert Oppenheimer | led the Manhattan Project and is remembered as the "Father of the Atomic Bomb" |
| United Nations | international organization formed after WWII to promote international security, peace, and cooperation |
| Nuremburg Trials | set of court proceedings against Nazi officials in Nuremburg by the Soviet Union, America, France, and Britain |
| GI Bill of Rights | law passed in 1944 to help returning veterans buy homes and pay for higher education |
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