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Rome Part 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| when did Rome have control of the entire Italian Peninsula? | in 264 BC |
| What did Rome desire? | They desired to expand westward |
| What did they believe about contact with North Africa? | Believed to avoid thier city-states of Carthage which would lead to conflict |
| What is the Latin word for Phoenician? | Punicus |
| Where did the Phoenician traders settle ? | They settled in Carthage along with people from North Africa. |
| Who was in the Three Punic wars ? | Rome and Carthage. |
| What happened in the first war? | Rome defeats Carthage |
| What does Rome gain from the first war? | They gain Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia |
| What happened 23 years later after 241 BC when the first Punic war ended?n | The second Punic war began |
| Who launches an attack first? | Carthage |
| Who lead the attac? | Hannibal |
| Who is Hannibal? | He is a Carthaginian general |
| Why does Hannibal lead an attack against Rome? | He seeks revenge against Rome |
| How exactly does Hannibal lead the attack stategy? | He invades Italy from the North which is the Alps |
| Does Hannibal succeed? | No, they fail to capture Rome |
| How do the Romans react to this attack by Hannibal? | Romans go to Carthage and attack it. |
| What is Hannibal forced to do then? | He is forced to return home to defend it. |
| Who in the end wins the Second Punic war? | Rome defeats Carthage |
| After the War, what is Carthage suppose to give up to agree with the peace terms? | To give up all land outside of Africa |
| What does Carthage have to pay to agree for Roman peace terms? | They are suppose to pay a HUGE tax to Rome for the cost of wars |
| What else does Carthage have to do? | They have to reduce navy |
| What is the last peace term that Carthage has to obey to? | They have to only wage war with Roman permission |
| Does Carthage follow all of these peace terms? | Yes and NO. |
| When the Third war begins, who starts it? | After a while, Rome distrust Carthage to hold to their word they launch an attack |
| What do the Romans do to get revenge? | Romans destroy Carthage |
| How does Rome destroy Carthage? | Burn the city enslave sow salt in to the soil |
| How many people did the Romans enslave? | 50,000 |
| Romans are masters of the western what? | Mediteranean |
| Where do the Romans expand toward? | Expand eastward |
| What do they conquor? | They conquor Macedonia, Greece, and parts of Asia Minor |
| What is the definition of "Imperialism" | policy of establishing control over foreign people and land |
| What does the conquest bring? | It brings riches to Rome |
| What does the new class of wealthy Romans create? | Laifundias |
| What are laifundias? | They are , any large ancient Roman agricultural estate that used a large number of peasant or slave labourers. |
| What happens to the conquored people? | They become immediately slaves on estates |
| What happens to the currant farmers? | They are in debt |
| What happened to the Roman vaules? | Greed replaced hard work and devotion |
| What causes the Roman Republic to decline? | Series of civil wars cause the fall of Roman Republic |
| What were some ways that the Republic decline? | Roman soldiers became loyal to their commanders but not to Rome itself |
| What were the 5 ways that the Roman Republic delined? | 1. Economic problems 2. government corruption 3. crime 4. private armies 5. the rise of Julius Caesar as emperor |
| Who all dominate Roman Politics? | Julius Caesar and Pompey Military generals |
| What does Caesar do to Pompey? | He defeats Pompey |
| What does Caesar do after defeating Pompey? | He calls himself dictator for life. |
| Does Julius keep the senate? | Yes he keeps it |
| What started the death of Julius | The senate fears Julius's power |
| How did Julius die? | He was stabbed to death on the senate floor |
| When was the day of death of Julius? | March of 44 BC |
| Who does Octavian defeat? | Mark and Cleopatra of Egypt |
| What does Octavian do then after conquoring the 2 people of Egypt? | He then takes power of Rome |
| What does Octavian then call himself? | He calls himself Augustus. |
| What does the name Augustus mean? | It means exalted one |
| During this time, what begins and then ends? | Roman Republic ends and the Roman Empire begins |
| What does Augustus build? | He builds a stable government? |
| What did he also put into motion ? | he put in motion. the census |
| What was the census? | It was a population count and records |
| What was the purpose of the census? | It was to tax people |
| If you didn't come to the census, what was the punishment? | It was that your things would be taken away by authorities and you would be sold into slavery. |
| What else did he create that we use in some form today? | he created the postal service |
| What kind of currency did he establish? | He established coins. |
| What was the currency called? | Roman Denarius |
| When was Augustus emperor? | When Jesus was born |
| What was the Pax Romana? | It was 200 years of Roman Peace |
| With who did the Pax Romana begin and who did it end with? | It begin with Augustus and ended with Marcus A. |
| Who are the bad emperors? | Caliguia, and Nero |
| Who are considered the good emperors? | Hadrian, Marcus A |
| Who was the emperor when Jesus was crucified? | it was Tiberius? |
| What was suprising about Tiberius? | he was a brilliant general but he never wanted to be emperor |
| What is Tiberius's nickname? | He is called the "gloomiest of men" |
| Who was Caligula ? | He was the cruelest of the bad emperors |
| How did Caligula die? | He was assassinated after four years by his own Praetorian guard |
| How was he paranoid? | He wanted to make his horse a consul. |
| Who did Claudius do ? | He constructed aqueducts |
| Did Claudius have physical disabilities? | Yes |
| How many times did Claudius marry? | 4 times |
| Who was the last person that Claudius marries | Nero's mother |
| How did Claudius die? | He died of mushroom poisoning |
| Who did Nero do to Christians? | he persecutor of them |
| Who were the two that were executed during Nero's reign | Peter and Paul |
| What did Nero do during the Rome's burning? | He played the fiddle |
| How did Nero die? | He commited suicide |
| Who created the Colosseum? | Vespasian created the Colosseum |
| what was the Colosseum? | is a large amphitheater |
| Who finished the Colosseum? | Titus, son of Vespasin |
| How did Titus die? | He died of natural causes of a fever |
| Who exiled John the apostle? | He was exiled by Domitian |
| Was Domitian a good or bad emperor? | He was considered a bad emperor |
| In what way was he called a 'bad' emperor? | He was considered a bad one for economy and as a general |
| Who was Domitian hated by? | He was hated by the aristocracy |
| who are the aristocracy? | they were a ruling social class (rich) |
| What of Domitian do or act that they didn't like? | They didn't like him for his cruelty and for showiness |
| How did Domitian die? | He was stabbed 8 times by court Officials |
| Who is considered the greatest emperor? | It was Trajan |
| Where was he born? | He was born in Spain |
| During Tragan's rule, what happened to Roman Empire? | It reached it's greatest extent |
| What is Tragan known for? | He is known for his massive building projects |
| What is an example of one of Tragan's big building projects? | The Tragan's Forum |
| What was Hadrian known for? | He was known for his interest in architecture and for visiting a number of provinces |
| What was the greatest accomplishment of Hadrian? | His Hadrian wall to protect the Roman Empire |
| What else did Hadrian create that is famous now? | It was the Pantheon |
| Who was the last Western Roman emperor? | It was Romulus |
Created by:
Sophie ER
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