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Test for stem
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| geologist | scientists who study the Earth, the materials that make it up, and how it has changed over time |
| crust | Earth’s outermost layer; covers Earth’s entire surface |
| continets | large land masses |
| mantle | layer under the crust; thickest layer |
| core | center layer made up mostly of the metals iron and nickel. |
| outer core | is liquid and flows slowly |
| Inner Core | is solid and under great pressure; hottest layer. |
| conduction | transfer of heat energy through solids. This is how heat moves through the core and the crust. |
| convection | transfer of heat energy through flowing material, like liquid or gas. This is how heat moves in the mantle. |
| convection currents | The cycling of heated matter due to the changes in density. It occurs in the mantle and causes many changes on Earth’s surface. |
| fossils | remains, imprints or traces of living things from long ago. |
| Pangaea | the supercontinent, when all the continents were joined together as one. |
| Continental Drift | the idea that continents move from one part of the Earth to another. |
| Lithosphere | Earth’s crust and upper mantle; brittle, outer layer of Earth. It is solid, but it moves. |
| Plates | moving sections of the lithosphere; made up of a dozen large ones and some smaller ones; made of both oceanic and continental crust. |
| Asthenosphere | underneath the lithosphere; an area of the upper mantle’ solid but hot enough to bend and change shape |
| Plate Tectonics | the theory that explains how and why plates move |
| Sonar Mapping | ships bounce sound waves off the ocean floor, which helps to figure out the depth of the ocean, by using the time a sound is sent and when the echo is received |
| Mid-ocean ridge | long, narrow chain of mountains rising from the ocean floor; an underwater mountain range. |
| Rift | the valley that runs along the crest of the mid-ocean ridge. |
| Magma | melted rock |
| Trenches | narrow, deep areas of the ocean floor at the edges of plates. This is where old oceanic crust is destroyed when it is forced under another plate. |
| Subduction | the sliding of one plate under another one, forcing it into the mantle where it will melt. This occurs at trenches. |
Created by:
rradomski29
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