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Renaissance
Chapter 27: The Renaissance Begins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Section 1- Part 1 CAUSE: In the Late Middle Ages, merchants and Crusaders brought back…… Goods and ideas from the East, including classical learning | EFFECT: This flow of ideas led to… A rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture |
| Section 1- Part 1 CAUSE: The Roman Catholic Church kept knowledge of ancient times alive through…. Copying documents that survived from the classical period. | EFFECT: This flow of ideas led to… A rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture |
| Section 1- Part 1 CAUSE: Europeans also read classical works that came by way of…. Muslim scholars | EFFECT: This flow of ideas led to… A rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture |
| Section 1- Part 2- Classical Why this type of art might have been created | To celebrate the ideal of the athlete, and the stories of heroes, gods, and ordinary people |
| Section 1- Part 2- Classical Two style characteristics of each work of art in the Student Text | Figure is idealized, nude, body is active and in motion |
| Section 1- Part 2- Medieval Why this type of art might have been created | To remind people who could not read about stories from the Bible |
| Section 1- Part 2- Medieval Two style characteristics of each work of art in the Student Text | Shows hierarachy of figures by size: Jesus, St. John the Baptist, the apostles, the people of the world; uses icons to differentiate figures to help [people to “read” the story in the image |
| Section 1- Part 2- Renaissance Why this type of art might have been created | To celebrate classical antiquity and humanism |
| Section 1- Part 2- Renaissance Two style characteristics of each work of art in the Student Text | Lifelike, 3D figures, balanced composition with depth and perspective, light and shadow, |
| Section 1- Part 3- Classical Why this type of art might have been created? | Celebrate the idea of the athlete, and the stories of heroes, gods, and ordinary people |
| Section 1- Part 3- Classical Two style characteristics- | Figure is idealized - faces were calm Nude - heroic figures/ordinary tasks Body is in action/motion |
| Section 1- Part 3- Medieval Why this type of art might have been created? | Teach people who could not read/write about the Bible, Jesus, and the saints |
| Section 1- Part 3- Medieval Two style characteristics- | Shows hierarchy of figures by size Figures look stiff Serious/little expression |
| Section 1- Part 3- Renaissance Why this type of art might have been created? | To celebrate classics; nature and not just religious ideas |
| Section 1- Part 3- Renaissance Two style characteristics- | 3D Balanced Perspective (light and shadow) Real people doing everyday tasks Figures were shown in action |
| Section 2- Question 1 How did merchants help to reawaken interest in classical culture? | Merchants’ travels sparked a greater interest in classical culture. |
| Section 2- Question 2 List and explain two results of the increase in trade in Europe. | It helped craftspeople, merchants, and bankers become more important in society. Used their wealth to beautify their cities with new buildings and art |
| Section 2- Question 3 Identify the primary factor from this section and include two details. | Factor: The Growth of Trade and Commerce Merchants and bankers grew wealthy & paid for new buildings and art to beautify their cities. More classical texts, and artifacts were passed along trade routes; sparked interest in classical culture |
| Section 3- Question 1 What were Renaissance city-states? How were they governed? | They were political entities that included a powerful city and the surrounding countryside. They were independent and were often republics (governed by elected officials). In reality, they were ruled by rich merchants, guilds, or powerful families. |
| Section 3- Question 2 How did city-states in what is now Italy become so powerful? | because of their location along trade routes - They became major centers of trade and business |
| Section 3- Question 3 Factor: The Influence of Italian City- States | Their wealth encouraged a growth in art and learning Rich families supported the creation of art, new buildings, and centers of learning (such as universities and hospitals) |
| Section 4- Question 1 What did Renaissance humanists believe about people’s abilities? | That people could shape their own lives and achieve great things |
| Section 4- Question 2 What subjects from ancient times did humanists study and explore? | Classical art Architecture Government History Poetry language |
| Section 4- Question 3 . How did the Renaissance humanists’ beliefs sometimes conflict with those of the Catholic Church? | Church taught laws are followed by God and follow teachings without question. Emphasized life after death as opposed to life on Earth. People should question everything and try to balance religoius faith with active interest in human existence. |
| Section 4- Question 4 Factor: The Growth of Humanism | People began to change their ideas about many things, such as government, social class, and religion They improve upon the art, arch., and ideas of the classical period led to new discoveries, new ways of studying and new inventions in many areas of life |
| Extra: How did classical knowledge of the ancient Greeks and Romans foster humanism in the Italian Renaissance? | Humanism • Celebrated the individual • Stimulated the study of Greek and Roman literature and culture • Was supported by wealthy patrons |
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