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ORGANULOS

funciones

TermDefinition
Núcleo Almacenamiento y uso del genoma
Núcleolo Sintesis de ARNr y ensamblado parcial de subunidades ribosomicas
Membrana plasmática Transporte de iones y nutrientes, Reconocimiento de señales del entorno; Adhesion célula-célula y célula - matriz extracelular
RER Fijación de los ribosomas que intervienen en la traducción del ARNm para proteínas destinadas a su secreción o inserción en la membrana.
REL Participa en el metabolismo de lipidos y esteroides
Aparato de Golgi Modificación quimica de las proteinas, clasificación y empaquetado de móleculas para secreción o transporte a otros orgánulos
Vesículas secretoras Transporte y almacenamiento de proteínas
Mitocondria Producción aerobia de energía (fosforilación oxidativa, ATP) Comienzo de la apoptosis
Endosomas Transporte de material endocitado Biogenesis de Lisosomas
Lisosomas Digestión de macromoléculas
Elementos del Citoesqueleto Diversas funciones, mortalidad celular, adhesion celular, transporte intercelular y extracelular. Conservación del citoesqueleto
Ribosomas Sintesis de proteinasmediante traduccion de las secuencias codificadas contenidas en el ARNm.
Proteasomas Degradación de las proteínasinnecesarias y dañadas rotuladas para su destrucción con ubicuitina
Glucogeno Almacenamiento a corto plazo de la glucosa en la forma de polímero ramificado. Se encuentra en el hígado, sistema osteomuscular y adiposo
Gotitas lipidicas Almacenamiento de formas esterificadas de ácidos grasos como móleculas de alto contenido energético.
Peroxisomas Digestion oxidativa (acidos grasos)
Microtúbulos Forma elementos del citoesqueleto, se alargan mediante dimeros de tubulina o acortan por extracción de la misma (inestabilidad dinamica)
Filamentos Se clasifican en dos grupos: - Actinas como cadenas flexibles - Intermedios: fibras parecidas a cuerdas formados por diversas proteinas. Ambos grupos: Proveen resistencia contra fuerzas de cizallamiento.
Created by: Cesards
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