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Imperealism Vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
imperialism | a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically by building an empire |
empire | a group of states or territories controlled by one ruler |
ideology | a system of ideas and ideals that guide policy |
ethnocentrism | Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group. |
colony | A group of people in one place who are ruled by a parent country elsewhere. |
British empire | England + its colonies across the globe |
india | Country in South Asia, considered "the Crown Jewel of the British Empire" because of its vast resources |
china | Country in East Asia, historically challenging for outsiders to control |
africa | Continent split up between European powers who abused its resources and people |
power | Goal of European nations to become stronger |
prestige | Goal of European nations to become more important in relation to their peers |
natural resources | Raw Goods used to manufacture valuable items |
industrialize | developing factories to produce goods |
indigenous | native to a certain area |
missionaries | people who work to spread their religious beliefs |
east india company | british trading company that set up large, profitable trading post colonies |
the opium war | a conflict between Britain and china, lasting from 1839 to 1842 over Britain's opium trade in china |
qing Dynasty | the last impereal dynasty of china (from 1644 to 1912), greatly influenced by foreign powers |
hong kong | a British colony in china, received after the first opium war |
treaty of nanjing | 1842, ended opium war, said the western nations would determine who would trade with china |
Extraterritoriality | Right of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own nation. |
spheres of influence | areas in which countries have some political and economic control but do not govern directly |
taiping rebellion | (1850-1864) A revolt by the people of China against the ruling Manchu Dynasty because of their failure to deal effectively with the opium problem and the interference of foreigners. |
king leopold ll | King of Belgium (r. 1865-1909). He was active in encouraging the exploration of Central Africa and became the infamous ruler of the Congo Free State (to 1908). |
"scramble for africa" | Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s |
berlin conference | A meeting from 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed on rules colonization of Africa |
partition | divide into parts |
arbitrary borders | State boundaries reflecting imperial interests, rather than local economic, social or political realities |
Boer war | Lasting from 1899 to 1902, Dutch colonists and the British competed for control of territory in South Africa. |
exploit | to take advantage of |
sepoy rebellion | The revolt of Indian soldiers in 1857 against certain practices that violated religious customs |
mutiny | open rebellion against authority |
direct rule | system of colonial government in which the imperialist power controlled all levels of government and appointed its own officials to govern the colony. |
indirect rule | Colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status |
boxer rebellion | A 1900 Uprising in China aimed at ending foreign influence in the country. |
open door policy | A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China. |
envoy | a government representative to another country |
indemnity | a payment for damage or loss |
zulu war | War in African between the British and the Zulu during which the British gained Zulu land |