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Unit 10 vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Manifest Destiny | America's God given fate to own land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
Mountain Men | Fur trappers that explored the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains; they also became trail guides |
Marcus and Narcissa Whitman | Missionaries that encouraged Americans to settle Oregon because of the fertile land |
Joseph Smith | Founder of the Mormon Church or Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints |
Brigham Young | Led the Mormons to the Great Salt Lake in Utah |
Oregon Trail | Trail used in the mid-1800s for pioneers to reach Oregon for land and adventure |
Santa Fe Trail | Trail used by merchants to trade with Mexico |
California Trail | Trail used by Americans to reach California for gold |
James K. Polk | 11th president; from Tennessee; Democrat; achieved manifest destiny for the United States in the Mexican War |
David Crockett | Tennessee frontiersman that fought and died at the Alamo |
Sam Houston | Former Tennessee governor; commander of the Texan army; first president of Texas Republic |
Battle of the Alamo | Defeat that inspired the Texans to fight hard to win their independence |
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | President and dictator of Mexico during the Texas Revolution and Mexican War |
Battle of San Jacinto | Last battle of the Texas Revolution that gave Texas their independence; lasted only 18 minutes |
Mexican War | War fought between 1846-1848; led to the United States acquiring New Mexico |
Fifty-Four Forty or Fight | James K. Polk's campaign slogan in 1844 to get all of Oregon from Britain |
Bear Flag Revolt | Uprising in California during the Mexican War; Americans declared independence from Spain |
California Gold Rush | Mass migration of people from around the world to northern California for gold in 1848-1849; changed California and the United States economy |
James Marshall | Worker at Sutters Mill that found the first nugget of gold |
John Sutter | Owner of the sawmill where gold was first found in 1848; kick-started the Gold Rush |
Zachary Taylor | Popular general during the Mexican War |
Rio Grande | River the US claimed was the border between Texas and Mexico |
Nueces River | River that Mexico claimed was the border between Texas and Mexico |
Annexation | an addition to a country |
Gadsden Purchase | Land bought by the US government in southern Arizona for a transcontinental railroad |
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo | Officially ended the Mexican War; gave the US the Mexican Cession |
Mexican Cession | land in northern Mexico that was given to the United States after the Mexican War; includes California, New Mexico, Utah, Arizona, etc. |
Tejanos | Mexicans living in Texas that fought with the Americans |
Chinese | Immigrants that first came to America during the Gold Rush; worked on railroads and opened laundromats |
San Francisco | City that grew as a result of the California Gold Rush |