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Unit 6
Into the 20th Century
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Imperialism | When a nation extends its influence over other nations or territories for economic, political, or social reasons. |
| Cuba | Island that wanted to gain its independence from Spain. |
| USS Maine | U.S. Navy ship that exploded in waters off Cuba in 1898. |
| Spanish American War | Conflict between the U.S. and Spain in 1898. |
| Hawaii | Annexed by the U.S. in 1898 after its monarchy was overthrown by sugar planters. |
| Roosevelt Corollary | 1904 - Foreign policy that declared a U.S. right to intervene in Latin America to preserve order. |
| Panama | Nation that the U.S. wanted to gain rights to build a canal across Central America. |
| Yellow Journalism | The reporting of exaggerated stories to sell newspapers. |
| William McKinley | Republican President (1897 - 1901) who supported war against Spain in 1898. |
| Trench Warfare | Type of fighting used on the Western Front during World War I. |
| Allied Powers | Serbia, France, Belgium, Britain, Italy (starting in 1915), Russia (until 1917), and the U.S. (starting in 1917) during World War I. |
| Central Powers | Alliance between Germany, Austria - Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire during World War I. |
| Neutrality | U.S. policy adopted by President Wilson in 1914 to stay out of World War I. |
| Woodrow Wilson | Democratic President (1913 - 1921) who led the U.S. during World War I and promoted the Fourteen Points after the war. |
| 1917 | The U.S. declared war on Germany and entered World War I. |
| Fourteen Points | Principles created by President Wilson to create a fair peace and avoid future wars. |
| Treaty of Versailles | 1919 treaty that outlined peace terms and punishments against Germany after WWI. |
| Lusitania | Ship sunk by a German U-Boat in 1915 - 123 Americans died. |
| Zimmerman Telegram | 1917 German message to Mexico and Japan that proposed a military alliance against the United States. |
| Theodore Roosevelt | Republican President (1901 - 1909) who wanted to turn the U.S. into a global power by expanding its military might and economic influence. |
| Espionage and Sedition Acts | Laws passed by Congress that made disloyal speech or criticism of the war illegal during World War I. |
| John Pershing | U.S. general who led the American Expeditionary France (AEF) in France during World War I. |
| Russia | Nation that fell to communist forces in the Bolshevik Revolution. |
| Senate | Rejected U.S. membership in the League of Nations. |
| Treaty of Paris | 1898 agreement that ended the Spanish - American War with Spain ceding Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the U.S. |
| League of Nations | International organization formed after World War I to resolve disputes and avoid future wars. |
| Franz Ferdinand | Archduke of Austria-Hungary assassinated by a Serb nationalist in 1914. |
| Meuse - Argonne Offensive | 1918 Allied offensive spearheaded by U.S. troops that led to German defeat in France - 26,000 Americans were killed in the fighting. |
| Panama Canal | Built across Central America to link the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. |
| Selective Service Act of 1917 | Law by Congress that drafted 2.8 million citizens into the military during World War I. |
| War Industries Board | Government agency that directed resources, prices and production for the war effort during World War I. |
| Committee of Public Information | Government agency that deployed pro - war propaganda during World War I. |
| Vladimir Lenin | Communist leader who led the Bolshevik Revolution to overthrow the Russian Czar. |
| Isolationism | A U.S. policy to withdraw from world affairs after WWI. |
| Red Scare | A fear that radical ideas might infiltrate society. |
| Anarchism | Ideology that views forms of authority within society as illegitimate. |
| Communism | Ideology where there are NO social classes or private ownership of property. |
| Socialism | Ideology where the State controls the factors of production and distribution. |
| Palmer Raids | Federal agents arrested thousands of foreign born radicals in 1919 - 600 were deported. |
| Immigration Act of 1924 | Law by Congress to establish quotas at 2% per year for each national group present in the 1890 census. |
| Ku Klux Klan | Regained national prominence after World War I - Opposed Blacks, Catholics, Jews, and immigrants. |
| Great Migration | Black Americans left the rural South in large numbers and moved to Northern cities to work industrial jobs during World War I. |
| Recession | A period of economic decline. |
| Tulsa Race Riot | 1921 - 1,000 buildings were damaged and 50 - 300 died in the nation's most deadly race riot in Oklahoma. |
| Dollar Diplomacy | Foreign policy used by President William H. Taft to offer loans and investments to increase American influence and achieve foreign goals. |
| Moral Diplomacy | Foreign policy used by President Woodrow Wilson to aid nations that are aligned with U.S. values. |
| Spanish Influenza | A lethal flu virus that killed millions worldwide from 1918 to 1920. |
| Red Summer | Race riots that occurred in more than dozens of U.S. cities in 1919. |
| U-Boat | A German submarine. |
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