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Unit 7

Into the 20th Century

TermDefinition
Imperialism When a strong nation extends its economic, political, or social influence over a weaker nation.
Cuba Island that sought to win its independence from Spain.
USS Maine American naval ship that exploded off the coast of Cuba in 1898.
Spanish American War 1898 - Conflict between the U.S. and Spain won by the U.S.
Hawaii Annexed by the U.S. in 1898 after its monarchy was overthrown by American sugar planters.
Roosevelt Corollary 1904 - Foreign policy that declared a right of the U.S. to intervene in Latin America to protect American interests.
Panama Nation that gained independence from Columbia with the support of President Roosevelt who in exchange gained rights for the U.S. to build a canal across Central America.
Yellow Journalism The reporting of exaggerated news to attract readers.
William McKinley President (Republican, 1897-1901) who supported war against Spain and the annexations of Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines by the U.S.
Sherman Antitrust Act 1890 - Authorized Congress to dissolve trusts that restrain commerce.
Trench Warfare Method of fighting during World War I defined by stalemated opposing lines that were separated by No Man's Land.
Allied Powers Alliance between France, Britain, Italy, Russia (until 1917), and the U.S. (starting in 1917) during World War I.
Central Powers Alliance between Germany, Austria - Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire during World War I.
Neutrality Policy of the U.S. when WWI announced by President Woodrow Wilson at the beginning of World War I.
Woodrow Wilson President (Democrat, 1913-1921) who led the U.S. during World War I and attended the Paris Peace Conference after the war.
1917 The U.S. declared war on Germany and entered World War I.
Fourteen Points Principles created by President Wilson at the end of World War I to create a fair peace and avoid future wars.
Treaty of Versailles 1919 - Treaty that officially ended WWI with the Allies placing harsh punishments on Germany.
1914 World War I begins.
1918 Fighting in World War I ends with an armistice agreement.
Lusitania Passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-Boat in 1915 where over 1,200 passengers died, including 123 Americans.
Zimmermann Telegram 1917 - Message from Germany to Mexico that proposed a military alliance against the United States if it entered the war.
Progressive Movement A series of reforms in the early 1900's to regulate big business, expand democracy, and to fix the ills of society that grew during the Gilded Age.
Muckrakers Journalists who investigated and reported on injustices within American society.
Theodore Roosevelt President (Republican, 1901-1909) who expanded U.S. influence over Latin America and gained the rights to build a canal across Latin America.
Direct Primary Voters were allowed to elect political party candidates.
17th Amendment 1913 - Americans were able to directly vote for Senators.
19th Amendment 1920 - The right to vote could not be denied by sex.
16th Amendment 1913 - Established that Congress has the power to lay and collect taxes on Americans' incomes.
Pure Food and Drug Act 1906 - Law passed by Congress to require truthful labels on foods and drugs products.
Federal Reserve Act 1913 - Established a new national banking system to oversee U.S. banks and the nation's monetary policies.
18th Amendment 1919 - Banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol - "Prohibition".
Upton Sinclair Muckraker who wrote "The Jungle" about the appalling conditions of the meatpacking industry in Chicago.
Espionage and Sedition Acts Laws by Congress during World War I that made it a crime to criticize the government or war effort.
American Expeditionary Force (AEF) U.S. troops commanded by John "BlackJack" Pershing in France during World War I.
Russia Nation that became communist after the Bolshevik Revolution.
Senate Rejected the Treaty of Versailles and voted against the United States joining the League of Nations.
Federal Trade Commission Agency created to monitor for unfair or deceptive business practices.
Treaty of Paris 1898 - Agreement that ended the Spanish - American War with Spain ceding Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the U.S.
Platt Amendment Agreement where the U.S. recognized Cuba as independent BUT the U.S. would act as its protector.
League of Nations Organization proposed by President Wilson after World War I where nations would meet to foster cooperation and maintain a lasting peace.
Franz Ferdinand Archduke of Austria-Hungary assassinated by a Serbian nationalist in 1914.
Meuse - Argonne Offensive 1918 - Allied offensive in World War I led by U.S. troops that led to the defeat of the German army in France - 26,000 Americans killed in the fighting.
Knights of Labor The first labor union that tried to organize all U.S. workers.
American Federation of Labor Labor union that sought to unite U.S. skilled trade unions.
Homestead Strike 1892 - Violent steelworker strike near Pittsburgh against the Carnegie Steel Company that was ended by Pennsylvania National Guard troops.
Haymarket Riot 1886 - Worker protest in Chicago which ended in deadly violence when a bomb was thrown at police officers.
Pullman Strike 1894 - Railroad workers strike which began outside of Chicago and spread nationwide that was ended by federal troops by order of the President.
Blair Mountain 1921 - Battle in West Virginia fought between pro - Union coal miners and anti - Union forces that was ended by the arrival of federal troops.
Monopoly A Business entity who controls an entire industry
Meat Inspection Act 1906 - Regulated the sale and slaughter of livestock.
Eugenics The belief you could fix social problems through genetics and heredity.
Buck v. Bell 1927 - Supreme Court ruling that states may sterilize inmates of public institutions.
Queen Liliuokalani Hawaiian monarch who was dethroned in a coup led by American sugar planters.
Panama Canal Built across Central America between 1904 and 1914 to link the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Selective Service Act of 1917 Law passed by Congress that drafted 2.8 million citizens into the military during World War I.
War Industries Board Government committee that directed resources, prices and production for the war effort during World War I.
Committee of Public Information Government committee that deployed pro - war propaganda during World War I.
Vladimir Lenin Russian communist who led the Bolshevik Revolution to overthrow the Czar.
Isolationism A national policy to avoid U.S. involvement in world affairs.
Red Scare Fear that radical ideas might infiltrate the nation, its society, and its government.
Anarchism Belief that sees various forms of authority / hierarchy - political economic, or social - in a society as illegitimate.
Communism Belief in a society without social classes, property, or government - Everything is shared to fulfill public needs.
Socialism Belief that the State or Government must own property, resources, and production on behalf of the working class.
Palmer Raids Suspected radicals, many foreigners, were arrested by federal agents - 600 were deported.
National Origins Act 1924 - Law passed by Congress to create immigration quotas set at 2% a year for each national group present in the 1890 census.
Ku Klux Klan Wanted to "preserve America's White, Protestant civilization opposing the influence of Blacks, immigrants, Jews, and Catholics in the U.S.
Great Migration Black Americans left the rural South in large numbers and moved to Northern cities to work industrial jobs during World War I.
Recession A period of economic decline.
Tulsa Massacre 1921 - 1,000 buildings were damaged and 50 - 300 died in the nation's most deadly race riot in Oklahoma.
Marcus Garvey Founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association to promote Black pride and unity across the world and to separate from Whites.
Created by: MhsUSHistory
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