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french revolution
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Old Regime | The French political and social system in the years before 1789 |
First Estate | Under the old regime in France, the social class made up of the clergy |
Second Estate | Under the old regime in France, the social class made up of the nobility |
Third Estate | The largest social class the old regime in France, the social class made up of the peasants, city workers, and middle class. |
Bourgeoisie | The middle class, especially in France. |
French Revolution | The rebellion of the French people, beginning in 1789, against the monarchy and the class structure of the Old Regime. |
Émigrés | A noble who fled France during the French Revolution |
Declaration of the Rights of Man | A document issued by the National Assembly during the French Revolution. |
Radicals | A person who favors drastic change. |
Counter-Revolution | A movement that opposes a revolution and attempts to restore the government previously in power. |
Suffrage | The right to vote |
Jacobin: | A member of the most radical group in the French National Convention. |
Girondist | One of the moderate members of the French National Convention. |
Reign of Terror: | Period from 1793-1794 when brutal measures were used to eliminate enemies and critics of the revolutionary republic set up in France. |
Nationalism | A feeling of devotion to and pride in one’s country. |
Coup d’ `etat | The sudden overthrow of a government. |
Napoleonic Code | The code of laws commissioned by Napoleon in 1800, which stated that all men should be treated as equals. |
Napoleonic Wars | A series of wars between France and most of the major European powers that resulted from Napoleon’s desire to rule Europe. |
Continental System | Napoleon’s plan to ruin Britain’s trade by forbidding France’s allies and countries under French rule to import British products. |
Abdicate | To give up a powerful position, especially a throne |
Guerrilla warfare | A type of warfare that small groups of fighters make surprise attacks. |
Quadruple Alliance | An alliance formed in the early 1800’s by Prussia, Austria, Russia, and Great Britain to prevent France from dominating Europe. |
Battle of Waterloo | The 1815 battle in which Napoleon was decisively defeated by the European allies. |