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Ancient Rome Vocab
6th Grade Ancient Rome Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tiber River | Where the Romans first settled. |
| Apennine Mountains | Runs down the middle of Italy like a backbone. |
| Aeneas | Founder of Rome. |
| Romulus and Remus | Gave Rome its name after a quarrel with each other. |
| Republic | People elect leaders to govern them. |
| Dictator | A ruler who rules with absolute power. |
| Cincinnatus | Appointed dictator in 458 BC. After the war was won, Cincinnatus returned to being a farmer. |
| Plebeians | The common people. |
| Patricians | The powerful nobles. |
| Tripartite | A three-part government that was formed after the plebeians got mad for having little rights. |
| Tripartite Part 1: | Magistrates that were ruled by consuls. |
| Tripartite Part 2: | Senate. Was a council of wealthy and powerful Romans. They held office for life. |
| Tripartite Part 3: | Assemblies and Tribunes. They protected the rights of the plebeians. Assembly position was for life. Tribunes served one year terms. Tribunes had veto power over magistrates. |
| Veto | Prohibit. It means “I forbid” in Latin. |
| Checks and Balances | Methods to balance power. |
| Forum | Where laws in ancient Rome were posted. |
| Punic Wars | A series of wars between Rome and Carthage. |
| Hamilcar | Tried to claim Sicily. He was defeated by the Romans. |
| Hannibal | Son of Hamilcar, attacked Rome from the north using his army, elephants, and oxen. He was defeated when Rome counter attacked Carthage. |
| Tiberius Gracchus | Tried to reclaim land illegally seized by the rich. He wanted to grow food for the poor. The wealthy objected and he was killed. |
| Gaius Gracchus | Tried to use government land to grow food to be sold to the poor at a cheaper price. The wealthy objected and he was killed. |
| Gaius Marius and Lucius Cornelius Sulla | Created personal armies by paying poor people. This led to a civil war. |
| Civil War | A war between groups in the same country. |
| Spartacus | Led a slave uprising but failed. |
| Cicero | Appealed to Roman leaders to work together to end the civil war. They refused. |
| Marc Antony | Took control of Rome with Octavian |
| Octavian | Caesar’s adopted son, took control of Rome. |
| Pax Romana | Roman Peace. Roman trade increased. Their gold and silver coins were desired around the world. |
| Aqueducts | raised channels to bring water from the mountains to the city. The aqueducts used gravity to bring the water to Rome. |
| Romance Languages | Languages that evolved from Roman language of Latin. |
| Christianity | Based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. |
| Census | A counting of citizens. |
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