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West Africa
Chapter 11, Early Societies in West Africa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Location for Sahara | Approximately 3.5 million square miles in North Africa and southern part of Africa |
| Description for Sahara | Sand dunes cover ¼ of the Sahara Rocky plains and mountains Extremely dry Scattered oases |
| Location for Sahel | Southern edge of the Sahara Merges into the savanna |
| Description for Sahel | Semi desert area Not as dry as the Sahara Small bushes & trees |
| Location for Savanna | South of the Sahel |
| Description for Savanna | Tall grasses & scattered trees Long rainy seasons- so grains grow there |
| Location for Forest | South of the savanna in the southern part of Africa |
| Description for Forest | Wetter areas Woodland forest & rain forest Rain falls year round |
| How did geography affect trade in West Africa? | Different food grown in different vegetation zones So they needed to trade to get things they couldn’t produce themselves. |
| Describe the earliest communities in West Africa. (Section 2) | Early communities in West Africa were made up of extended families (parents, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles, & cousins,worked together to survive, Clearing the fields, plant seeds, harvest crops, Traded with other communities for additional goods |
| Why did villages form from early communities. Be sure to include the reasons why family-based communities joined together to form villages. (Section 2) | Sometimes extended- family communities banded together in villages to control flooding rivers So they could mine for iron, gold For defense (protection from outside attacks) |
| Describe how and why some villages became trading sites and eventually grew into larger towns and cities. (section 3) | Villages located along rivers or other trade routes became trading sites. By taxing trade, villages became wealthy. Wealth led to an increase in population Villages grew into towns and cities |
| Describe the process of smelting used by Nok to make iron tools. (section 3) | Enormous amounts of charcoal was used to fuel the furnace The heat would melt ore to extract the iron Once the iron was red-hot, it was hammered and bent into shape by skilled workers called blacksmiths |
| How did the ability to make iron tools affect food production and the types of jobs that villagers performed in West Africa? (section 3) | W/ iron tolls Farmers grew crops more efficiently. Abundance of food support large villages where ppl did jobs such as weaving, metalworking, pottery |
| How did the location of Jenne-jeno cause it to become a larger, busy city? (section 3) | Located at the intersection of the Niger and Bani Rivers Its ideal location allowed for farming, fishing, and trade This helped it to become a large city |
| describe how and why some of the wealthiest cities were able to conquer more territory and become a kingdom. (section 4) | Rulers taxed goods that were traded. Wealth to raise armies. Armies could conquer cities and become wealthier kingdoms formed as kings conquered lands |
| What is tribute? What did it mean when a conquered group paid tribute? (section 4) | Tribute= payment from a conquered group collected by the conquering ruler Meant that the conquered people accepted the ruler’s authority |
| List 3 advantages and 2 disadvantages of being part of a kingdom. (section 4) | Next ones |
| Advantages | Armies made sure that trade routes were safe They kept out foreign armies and raiders Wars between small cities ended |
| Disadvantages | People living in conquered areas had to pay tribute Men had to serve in the army |
Created by:
MintyLov
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