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Ancient Greece Vocab
6th Grade Ancient Greece Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Minoans | lived on the island of Crete. Traded wood, olive oil, and pottery. Society ruined by huge volcano. |
| Mycenaeans | The first people to speak Greek. Lived on mainland Greece. Traded very aggressively and made many enemies. Civilization ended when invaded by European groups. |
| Polis | a Greek city-state. Always built near a large hill |
| Acropolis | a large hill |
| The Greek Classical Period | a time of great prosperity. |
| Democracy | rule by the people. Democracy started in the city-state of Athens. It didn’t start out that way. |
| Aristocrats | rich people who ruled Athens. |
| Oligarchy | rule by the rich |
| Citizens | people who have the right to participate in government. In Athens, male landowners were citizens. Citizens met in the agora to debate and vote on the issues. |
| Monarchy | Rule by a king or queen |
| Jury | a group of citizens who vote on court cases. |
| Direct Democracy | All people vote on all issues. |
| Representative Democracy | Elected officials represent the people. |
| Pericles | encouraged the growth of democracy by: 1. Encouraging poor people to take part in government 2. Arranging for juries to be paid 3. Having people introduce democracy to other parts of Greece |
| Mythology | a series of stories about gods and heroes that explained how the world works. |
| Aesop | wrote fables. Stories usually involved animals. |
| Fables | stories that teach us lessons. |
| English Expressions from Greek Literature | Achilles Heel, Sour Grapes, Herculean Task, Midas Touch, Tantalizing |
| Cyrus the Great | The Persian army was originally led by Cyrus the Great. |
| Cavalry | a unit of soldiers who rode horses. |
| "The Immortals" | Persia also had a specially trained unit of 10,000 soldiers known as |
| Darius I | Darius divided the Persian empire into 20 provinces. |
| Satrap | Each province had a governor |
| Battle of Marathon | Persian defeat at the hands of Athens |
| Xerxes I | attacked Athens. |
| Alliance | an agreement to work together. |
| Peloponnesian War | a war between Sparta and Athens. Sparta won |
| Phillip I | brought Persia to power |
| Alexander the Great | brought Persia to even more power |
| Phalanx | soldiers stand close together in a square with their weapons. |
| Socrates | got people to question what they always thought was “right”. This scared many Greeks; they thought he was starting a rebellion. Socrates went to trial, was convicted, and was sentenced to death. |
| Plato | was a student of Socrates. Opened the Academy to teach Socratic philosophy Plato wrote The Republic. |
| Aristotle | Taught people to think using reason. |
| Reason | Clear and ordered thinking. |
| Euclid | worked with geometry. |
| Hippocrates | Greek doctor; father of modern medicine. |
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StudySetKing
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