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AH M4L6 Key Terms
American History Module 4 Lesson 6 Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Unions | Organizations that work to protect worker’s wages, hours, and working conditions. They could also protect workers from being fired while advocating for changes in their conditions. |
| Knights of Labor | The first major labor organization founded in 1869 which included both unskilled and skilled workers. Some of the things they advocated for included an 8 hour work day, outlawing child labor, and also laborer ownership in the corporations they worked for. |
| Haymarket Square Riot | A labor protest outside of Chicago which turned into a riot when someone threw a bomb at police. Due to the violence that day, almost 8 people died. Despite minimal evidence, 8 labor activists were arrested and convicted due to their connection with the bombings. |
| Strike | When laborers refuse to work, and also try to prevent others from being hired in their place while they are not working, which causes corporations to lose production time and money. |
| Homestead Strike | Took place in 1892 at Andrew Carnegie’s Steel Company and led to a gun battle between steelworkers in the union and a group of men hired by Carnegie to break the strike. Ultimately, steelworkers lost the strike. |
| Pullman Strike | Took place at a sleeping car manufacturing company outside of Chicago and escalated into a national railroad strike. The railroad companies ultimately put US mail onto the trains which caused the federal government to get involved and end the strike. |
| Anthracite Coal Strike | In 1902, coal miners, who faced dangerous conditions and were underpaid, went on strike for 162 days. This strike impacted the nation and caused a coal shortage. President Theodore Roosevelt threatened the owners of the coal mine that they needed to bargain with the union or the federal government would take control of the mines. |
| The National Labor Relations Act | A law that guaranteed the right of private sector employees to organize in unions, collective bargains, and strikes. |
| The Fair Labor Standards Act | Set a national minimum wage, a maximum number of hours for workers in interstate commerce, and placed limitations for child labor by prohibiting children under 16 from working in manufacturing and mining. |
| Muller v Oregon | The US Supreme Court upheld an Oregon state law which had limited the workday of women to ten hours a day. This set a precedent for states to be able to pass protective legislation for laborers. |
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dmcsorley13
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