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S.S. Unit 8 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Election of 1824 | election between Adams, Jackson, Clay, and Crawford; House of representatives chose the winner; no one got the majority of votes |
Election of 1828 | rematch between Jackson and Adams; Jackson became 7th president |
Electoral vote | Number of votes that determine the president; must be majority or one more than half |
Corrupt Bargin | agreement between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay in which Adams won the Election of 1824; Clay then became his secretary of state |
John Quincy Adams | Monroe's secretary of state; 6th president, winner of election of 1824 |
Henry Clay | John Quincy Adams secretary of state; worked out a compromise tariff in 1832; leader of the Whig Party |
Andrew Jackson | represented the common man and considered the "People's president" |
Andrew Jackson | 7th president ; from TN; winner of the the election of 1828; served 2 terms |
Gibbons v. Ogden | court case in which John Marshall ruled only the federal gov't has the power to regulate interstate commerce |
McCulloch v. Maryland | court case in which Marshall ruled a national bank was constitutional and that a state could not tax a bank |
Supremacy Clause | part of the constitution that states that the constitution is the supreme law of the land; makes the federal gov't more powerful then the states |
Necessary and Proper | Clause of the Constitution that says Congress can do anything it needs to to carry out it's powers |
Worcester v. Georgia | court case in which the Cherokee won the right to stay on thier land |
Interstate commerce | trade between states |
Implied powers | powers not specifically given to Congress; part of necessary and proper clause |
Federalism | principle in which power is shared between a national government and state gov't |
reinforce | to strengthen or support with additional materials |
electoral college | group that chooses the president of the U.S. |
electors | a member of the electoral college |
supreme court | highest court in the U.S. ; 9 justices including the Chief Justice |
house of repersentatives | part of congress that impeaches the president, passes revenue bills and chooses the president if no candidate gets a majority of votes |
John C Calhoun | Jackson's first vp but resigned; argued in favor of states rights; From SC |
ensure | to make certain that something will happen |
popular vote | the number of people that vote for a presidential candidate; doesn't directly choose the president |
tariff | tax on imported goods; North liked it, south hated it |
nullification crisis | during Jackson's presidency when south carolina refused to follow the Tariff of 1828; resolved by henry caly |
states' rights | the doctrine that states have certain powers not listed in the Constitution |
Tariff of Abominations | highest tariff in U.S. history; 1828; caused the Nullification crisis when SC refused to pay it |
indian territory | located in modern day oklahoma, where reservations for natives were established |
Cherokee | native tribe from TN, GA, SC; had an alphabet, newspaper and sued the gov't to stay on their land |
Seminole | native tribe from florida that fought removal by fighting a war |
John Marshall | federalist and presided over McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden |
James McCulloch | clerk of the Maryland branch of the Bank of the United States; got sued when he refused to pay Maryland's tax |
Sequoya | Native American that developed a system of writing for the Cherokee |
Trail of Tears | the forced removal of the Cherokee, Chickasaw and Chocktaw to modern-day oklahoma; nearly 1/4 of them died |
Jacksonian Democrats | political party formed to support the common man and Andrew Jackson's policies |
Jacksonian Democracy | the idea of getting more of the common man involved in the gov't whether through voting or holding office |
Whigs | political party that was formed to oppose the policies of Andrew Jackson and the democrats |
Nicholas Biddle | president of the 2nd Bank of the U.S.; political enemy of Andrew Jackson |
Martin Van Buren | President Jackson's second vice-president; elected 10th US president; organized the Democratic party |
Second Bank of the United States | granted twenty year charter in 1811; vetoed and "Killed" by president Jackson when its funds were removed |
Veto | the president's power to cancel a bill passed by Congress |
Dismantle | to take something apart |
suffrage | the right to vote |
caucus system | process by which more of the common man select candidates for president |
spoils system | the process of rewarding political supporters with gov't jobs |
panic of 1837 | economic depression that happened during Martin Van Buren's presidency |
William Henry Harrison | 9th US president; Whig Party; tried to portray himself as the common man |
repeal | to remove or take away a law that has been passed |
indian removal act | law that required the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek and Seminole to move to indian territory in modern-day Oklahoma |
nullify | to declare a law passed by congress to be null and void; to cancel out |
nullification | the process of a state declaring a law to be void |
secede | to withdraw or leave a country |
Adams-Onis treaty | an agreement between the US and Spain that gave Florida to the US |
appeal | to make a serious request, usually to the public |