Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Unit 5
The Gilded Age
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dawes Act | 1887 law by Congress to divide reservations into plots of land that Native American families could own and farm. |
| Cowboys | Ranch workers who oversaw large herds of cattle on the open range and drove them to the railroads to be transported off to market. |
| Reservation | A piece of land that is designated for a specific Native American tribe to live on. |
| 1869 | The Transcontinental Railroad was completed in Utah. |
| Segregation | The separation of races or ethnicities within a society. |
| Sharecropper | A person who pays in crops to farm land that is owned by another person. |
| Poll Tax | A required payment in order to register to vote. |
| Literacy Test | An exam to show if a person is able to read and write in order to register to vote. |
| Lynching | An execution by a mob of a person accused of a crime without a trial. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | 1896 Supreme Court ruling that segregation did NOT violate the 14th Amendment of the Constitution - Based on the doctrine of "separate but equal". |
| Booker T. Washington | Argued that Black Americans should focus on education and economic independence rather than civil rights. |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | Argued Black Americans should not accept segregation and must demand civil rights. |
| NAACP | Organization formed in 1909 to fight segregation using democratic means and using the courts. |
| Ida Wells | Published pamphlets about the horrors of lynchings in the South. |
| Union Pacific Workers | Irish Immigrants, Civil War veterans, and former Slaves. |
| Chinese Immigrants | Made up the majority of workers on the Central Pacific Railroad. |
| Little Bighorn | 1876 Battle where Native American warriors defeated and killed most of the 7th U.S. Cavalry Regiment led by George A. Custer. |
| Wounded Knee | Sioux Reservation where hundreds of Native Americans were killed by U.S. troops during the Ghost Dance Movement. |
| Homestead Act | 1862 law by Congress to offer 160 acres of public land in the West to Americans who could own it after 5 years of "improving" the land. |
| Trust | When several businesses merge to be controlled by one person or a board. |
| Laissez - Faire Capitalism | Gilded Age philosophy that government should NOT have a role in a free market economy. |
| New Immigrants | People from Eastern and Southern European nations (Italy, Greece, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Russia, etc.) who came to the U.S. - Most were Catholic, Orthodox, or Jewish. |
| Ellis Island | Major immigrant processing center in New York City. |
| Tenements | Poorly constructed multifamily buildings in cities that were overcrowded with immigrants and workers. |
| Political Machine | Organizations formed in cities to control votes and ensure that a political party remains in power. |
| Andrew Carnegie | Founded Carnegie Steel in Pittsburgh (PA) using vertical integration. |
| John Rockefeller | Founded Standard Oil in Cleveland (OH) using horizontal integration. |
| Urbanization | A movement of people who leave rural areas to live in cities. |
| Capitalism | Economic system of the U.S. that is based on private ownership and a free market. |
| Vertical Integration | To buy all levels of production and distribution in an industry. |
| Horizontal Integration | To buy out competing businesses in an industry. |
| Thomas Edison | Created the first practical light bulb for widespread use. |
| Buffalo | Animal who was sacred to Native American Tribes of the West. |
| Indian Peace Commission | Group formed by Congress to make treaties with Native American tribes to form reservations. |
| Ghost Dance Movement | Religious movement by Native Americans to resist reservations and regain their ancestral lands. |
| Railroads | The first American big business. |
| J.P. Morgan | Financier who purchased Carnegie Steel and and other steel factories to establish U.S. Steel. |
| Alexander Graham Bell | Successfully transmitted sound using an electric signal on a telephone. |
| Nativism | Ideology that views immigrants as a threat to national identity and U.S. workers. |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | 1882 Law by Congress that prohibited immigration from China and citizenship for Chinese non citizens. |
| Party Bosses | Leaders of political machines who used bribes and threats to control votes in cities. |
| Tenant Farmer | A person who pays rent to farm land that is owned by another person. |
| Homer Plessy | Black American a, who was arrested for sitting in a "whites only" train car in Louisiana in 1892. |
| George Westinghouse | Invented Alternating Current to transmit electricity over distance. |
| Progressives | Reformers who argued problems of industrialization needed to be addressed by government action. |
| Muckrakers | Journalists who wrote of injustices they found in American society. |
| The Jungle | Novel written by Upton Sinclair about the poor conditions of the meat industry. |
| Food and Drug Act | Prohibited the sale of mislabeled goods. |
| Meat Inspection Act | Established sanitation rules for the sale of meat products. |
| Haymarket Riot | Labor strike in Chicago that turned violent when several policemen were killed by a bomb thrown by a protester. |
| Pullman Strike | Labor strike by railroad workers that disrupted rail traffic across the nation until was ended by federal intervention. |
| Homestead Strike | A violent labor strike by steel workers who worked at the Carnegie steel plant. |
| Sherman Anti-Trust Act | Prohibited monopolistic business practices and trusts. |
| Clayton Anti-Trust Act | Defined unethical business practices such as price fixing. |
| 16th Amendment | Established that Congress has the power to lay and collect taxes on Americans' incomes. |
| Federal Reserve Act | Created the Federal Reserve as a national bank to oversee bank and monetary policies. |
| Direct Primary | Elections that allow voters to select political party candidates. |
| 17th Amendment | Established that Senators are elected by the people. |
| 19th Amendment | The right to vote shall not be denied by one's sex. |
| 18th Amendment | Banned the sale and manufacture of alcohol. |
Created by:
MhsUSHistory
Popular U.S. History sets