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Quarter 2 S.S. Test
Quarter 2 History Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The impact geography had on Greece | mountains on the mainland caused isolation of people |
| Geography of Greece | mountains and hundreds of islands |
| what did Greece's geography prevent? | a unified country |
| What is a polis? | a city state |
| shrines | a place of worship |
| frescoes | colorful decorations on the walls |
| Where did Greek rulers live? | in a palace at Knossos |
| When did the Minoan civilization vanish? | 1400 BC |
| What was the cause of the Minoan civilization vanishing? | volcano eruption, earthquake, or invaders |
| What was the conflict of the Trojan War? | economic rivalry between Mycenae and Troy |
| What was the tradition of passing information along? | orally |
| Who was the IIiad and Odyssey written by? | Homer |
| What was the Iliad and Odyssey? | and example of an epic poem |
| What is arete? | an emphasis that is based on heroic attributes |
| What did each polis have and how did each polis function? | each had its own government and military and each polis functioned as its own mini country |
| What was the acropolis? | a gathering place at the top of a hill |
| What was an agora? | a market gathering place |
| What was a Greek citizen's main role? | to have loyalty and pride to their specific region |
| What was the result of Greek rivalries among city states? | conflict and war and lead to the downfall of Greece |
| What were some advancements in Greece? | military, iron replaced bronze weapons, and ordinary citizens could arm themselves |
| What is a phalanx (hoplites)? | a tight military formation |
| What happened during Greek expansion? | many Greeks left the mainland to form colonies |
| What was the Byzantium? | a very important colony in Greece |
| What during the Greek expansion period? | Greek culture and ideas spread, trade and industry increased, more people became wealthy |
| Who were the aristocrats? | the wealthiest people in Greece |
| What did the tyrants in Greece do? | they took over the aristocrats by force |
| What are mercenaries? | they are soldiers |
| What caused the rise of a democracy? | tyrants lost power |
| What is an oligarchy | a government that is ruled by few |
| What type of government did some city states opt for? | an oligarchy |
| What was the Sparta government like? | ruled by an oligarchy (two kings and a council) |
| What was Sparta's society like? | a warrior society that captured other Greeks and made them helots |
| What governed the life of the Spartans? | the army |
| What age did Spartan military training begin? | 7 years old |
| At what age did Spartans marry? | 20 years old |
| At what age did Spartans retire? | 60 years old |
| What was the Spartan army know for? | the largest and most sophisticated army at the time |
| What were Spartan women known for? | having strong, healthy children, being very athletic, being obedient to their husband and father, and being able to own property. |
| Where was the birth place of a Democracy? | Athens |
| What did Cleisthenes do? | He limited democracy and made a council of 500 landowning men |
| What were some important things to know about Athens women?they were guided | They were guided by men, participated in religious ceremonies, their pale was in the home, they could not own property, and didn’t get an education. |
| What was an effect of the Persian Wars? | It united the Greek city-states because the Persian Empire was powerful |
| What happened as a result of the Battle of Marathon? | Persians outnumbered the Greeks, the Persians retreated because of the fierce Athenian fighting style, Pheidippides announced the victory after running 26v miles back to Athens |
| What happens to Athens after the Battle of Marathon? | Athens gets more status among the city-states and enters the Golden Age |
| What is the Delian League? | The city-states working together for a common goal but Athens is charge. |
| Who is Pericles? | An Athenian statesman, he was fair, people liked him, he tried to keep the government in good control, he ran a direct democracy |
| What were the details of The Peloponnesus War? | It started because Sparta and their allies were angry about the Athenian power, SParta formed the Peloponnesian League, and war lasted 27 years. |
| What was Athens’ strength? | They had a strong navy |
| What was Sparta’s strength? | They had a strong army |
| Who won the Peloponnesus War? | Sparta |
| What was Greek religion like? | Polytheistic, mythology, temple dedicated to gods, festivals |
| What was Mt. Olympus? | The place where the gods were thought to live-there were 12 chief gods |
| What were the Oracles? | It was a way to communicate with the gods |
| What were some traits of Greek literature? | Homer was an author, there were tragedies, and comedies |
| What did Greeks do with their history? | Greeks recorded their history and analyzed. |
| Who was Herodotus ? | The “father of history” he wrote the Persian Wars |
| Who is Thucydides? | An Athenian general, wrote the history of the Peloponnesian War, believed men caused history and wars, not gods |
| Who was Socrates? | |
| Who was Plato? | |
| Who was Aristotle? | |
| Who was Alexander the Gr3eat? | |
| What happened during the Hellenistic Era? | |
| What was the philosophy off the Hellenistic Era? | |
| What were the new roles of the women in the Hellenistic Era? |
Created by:
Stefania.
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