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Chapters 2 and 3
Sociology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The organization of written or spoken symbols into a standardized system is called | language |
| Groups in society that share values, norms, and behaviors that are not shared by the entire population | Subculture |
| Prohibitions against killing people and stealing other people’s property are examples of | Mores |
| Shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, desirable or undesirable are called | Values |
| The use of which of the following is the very basis of human culture? | language |
| Cultural relativism is the belief that | cultures should be judged by their own standards |
| Folkways are | common customs |
| Features common to all societies | Cultural universals |
| A group that rejects the values, norms, and practices of the larger society. | Counterculture |
| Examples of ______________ include beliefs, ideas, and rules. | nonmaterial culture |
| Anything that stands for something else and has a shared meaning attached to it. | symbol |
| All the shared products of human groups. | culture |
| Examples of ______________include clothing, buildings, and automobiles | material culture |
| Groups of mutually interdependent people who have organized to share a common culture. | society |
| A friend says, “My country is the best of all.” What does this statement reflect? | ethnocentricism |
| The process in which cultures become more and more alike is | cultural leveling |
| Which of the following would best lead to cultural diffusion? | the internet |
| A new technology is developed, but it takes several years before the technology is widely used. This is an example of | cultural lag |
| In the United States, personal achievement is often measured by which of the following? | power and wealth |
| The American belief in progress is most closely linked to what two other beliefs? | science and technology |
| Which American value is based on the belief that judgments should be based on a sense of right and wrong? | morality |
| Which of the following are examples of achieved status? | basketball player, actor, musician |
| Which of the following are examples of ascribed status? | age |
| The socially determined behaviors expected of a person performing a role are | role expectations |
| Example of a role conflict | An employee must stay home to take care of their sick child. |
| Examples of an informal group | circle of friends, family |
| Which term is used to describe a two-person group | Dyad |
| What is a reference group? | A group of people with whom individuals identify |
| Characteristics of an in-group? | It uses symbols to distinguish itself. It views itself positively and other groups negatively. It often competes with other groups. |
| Parts of group functions | Define boundaries Set goals Make decisions Select leaders Assign tasks Control member’ behavior |
Created by:
Mdenne
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