Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Period 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cotton King | Southern economy based on cotton |
| Cotten belt | Southern states that are producing a lot of cotton |
| Racial/social hierarchy | 1: Wealthy white planters 2: Merchants & small farmers owning enslaved people 3: Whites who owned no enslaved people 4: Free African Americans 5: Enslaved people |
| Passive resistance to slavery | Work slowly, destroying or misplacing tools, feigning illness |
| Active resistance to slavery | Running away Gabriel Prosser's conspiracy Denmark Vasey |
| Nat Turner | Enslaved preacher in Southampton, Virginia |
| Nat Turner Revolt(1831) | Revolt killed 60 whites while freeing enslaved people |
| Impact of Nat Turner | Led to stricter laws that controlled movement and gathering of enslaved people |
| 2nd Great Awakening | Led to more reforms such as abolition |
| Abolition | The act of ending a system |
| Non-partisan | Government neglects social issues |
| The Great Postal Campaign(1850) | The Anti-American Slavery Society(AASS) coordinated the mailing campaign to flood southern states with items that denounced slavery |
| Impact of Postal Campaign | South Carolina's(SC) Postmaster takes pamphlets and burns them(encouraged by Jackson) Postmaster General bans abolitionist literature from circulation |
| Gag revolution(1836) | All anti-slavery appeals to be ignored in the House |
| "Positive Good" theory | An answer to abolitionists by southern intellectuals Defended slavery as a necessary thing for its benefits Contrasted the ideals that were fought for in the American Revolution |
| William Lloyd Garrison | Was a white, northerner, preacher, in Boston who published the Liberator(abolitionist magazine) |
| Garrison's beliefs | Believes that the Constitution is pro-slavery Wants to end slavery by leaving the Union |
| Frederick Douglass | Former enslaved and changed name from Bailey to Douglass |
| Douglass's beliefs | Believed that Constitution is for the good of the people Solution is to get involved politically End slavery by addressing the racism |
| De jure | By law |
| De facto | By circumstance |
| Harriet Tubman | Escaped from slavery in Maryland Rescued 70 friends and family |
| American Colonization Society | Back to Africa movement Even though most of the people were born in America |
| James K. Polk(1845-49) | Was deemed "young hickory", the successor of AJ |
| Manifest destiny | OVERSPREAD continent allotted by God for the development of a growing population Bring progress and values of republicanism |
| Wilmot Proviso | Condition that slavery doesn't exist in any further addition of territory Passed House but not Senate |
| Stephen Austin | Mexico is independent in 1820s(Texas is a part of it) Austin was told to bring families to populate land Was supposed to become Roman Catholic and Mexican but instead took over |
| Texas Independence(1836) | Texas declares independence due to tensions over issues:slavery, immigration, local rights |
| Santa Anna(dictator) | Mexican dictator raises army 13 day siege at the Alamo |
| Battle of San Jacinto(1836) | General Houston's forces defeat Santa Anna Sign treaty of Texas independence |
| Texas Annexation(1845) | Annexed by joint resolution of Congress |
| Oregon question(1846) | US acquired Oregon through the Treaty of Oregon from GB |
| Mexican-American War(1846-1848) | Helped to fulfill America's manifest destiny and take over as much territory as possible |
| Zachary Taylor | US general that led incursion into "disputed territory" Just a ploy to get Mexicans to attack so Polk can declare war Became president in 1849-50 |
| Spot resolution | Lincoln calls out Polk, where was the blood actually spilt |
| Polk's war message | Mexicans killed Americans on American land spilling American blood |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo(1848) | US pays 15 million dollars for a bunch of land from Mexico |
| Compromise of 1850 | Obviously by Clay Both North and South get some stuff Sectional balance now offset in favor of free states Creation of popular sovereignity |
| Popular sovereignty | The people of the state get to choose stuff(about slavery) |
| Fugitive Slave Act(1850) | Federal govt. is responsible for enforcing this Authorized special US commissioners to issue warrants to arrest fugitives Captured people were denied right to trial or testify Led to more abolition ideals |
| New guard | New guard dominated politics Were passionate and unwilling to compromise |
| Old guard | Want to make things work, willing to compromise Clay, Webster, Calhoun |
| Death of Whigs(1854) | Following the Kansas-Nebraska Act Birth of Republican Party |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | American author and abolitionist known for writing Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin(1852) | Push recognition in the North regarding the cruel nature of slavery Had an influence on French & British decision to stay out of war |
| Millard Fillmore(1850-53) | Whig president |
| Franklin Pierce(1853-57) | Democrat president |
| Ostend Manifesto(1854) | Secret plan to buy Cuba from Spain to create new slave states Abolitionists find and reveal this plan |
| William-Walker | Found Nicaragua and took over to declare a slave state But other Central American states form coalition and kill him |
| Gadsden Purchase(1854) | US agrees to pay Mexico 10 million for Mexico |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act(1854) | Divides Nebraska Territory into Kansas & Nebraska Allows setters to decide whether or not to allow slavery |
| "Bleeding Kansas"(1854-1859) | Temporary settlers for both sides flood to Kansas Results in a mini civil war |
| Charles Sumner(1856) | Senator Sumner argued for the immediate admission of Kansas as a free state and insulted another senator |
| Sumner vs Brooks | Brooks attacked Sumner and all that |
| James Buchanan(1857-1861) | Became the 15th president |
| John Brown | Was an American abolitionist leader Known for his radicalness |
| Harper's Ferry Raid(1859) | Brown's raid was an effort to initiate slave revolts in Southern states by taking over the arsenal at Harper's Ferry Led to Brown being turned as a hero for the Union and the fight to ending slavery |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford(1857) | Scott was enslaved by an US doctor who brought Scott to different areas that were free states After doctor dies, Scott sues for his freedom saying that he was taken to a free territory |
| Chief Justice Roger's decision | 1: Enslaved people and African Americans were NOT citizens and not eligible to sue 2: Enslaved people were private property 3: Neither Congress nor territorial governments had power to ban slavery |
| Lincoln-Douglas Debates(1858) | A series of formal political debates that covered the Kansas-Nebraska Act and Dred Scott Propelled Lincoln to spotlight for Republicans |
| Election of 1860 | Douglas and Breckenridge represented Democrats Lincoln represented Republicans Bell represented Constitutional Union Lincoln won and was the unofficial start to civil war |
| Republican party | Runs on free soil platform, for the non-extension of slavery |
| Democratic party | Was divided in two Supported slavery, popular sovereignty, and state rights |
| Civil War secession | South Carolina first secedes(1860) Followed by Michigan, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas |
| Creation of Confederate states | When Texas secedes, Davis becomes president of confederates |
| Fort Sumter | Where the first battle of the civil war starts Lincoln does not want to be aggressor Lincoln merely calls upon volunteer troops to defend fort |
| Union advantages | Larger population Has industry, econ, & supplies Controlled the sea Strong central government |
| Confederate advantages | Fighting a defensive battle Long coastline so difficult to be blockaded Troop morale Strong military minds |
| Union strategies | Anaconda plan: 1: Control the Mississippi River 2: Blockade ports 3: Raise army to capture Richmond 4: Keep border states out |
| Confederate strategies | 1: Make this a war of attrition 2: Fight for home, heart, and stuff 3: Gain foreign aid from "cotton king" 4: Utilize brilliant generals |
| "Quick" war | Union believed it would be a quick war But early defeats began to force them to take this seriously |
| 1st Battle of Bull Run(1861) | Union retreats and realize it will be long war |
| Battle of Antietam(1862) | Where the Emancipation Proclamation is born Is the bloodiest day |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Where Lincoln unveils purpose is end slavery, it is how to fight for the Union Deters Europe from entering the war |
| Battle of Gettysburg(1863) | Union is able to stop Lee's invasion of the North Bloodiest battle Followed by the Gettysburg Address |
| Gettysburg Address | Sought to give meaning to all the lives that were lost As like a rallying call |
| Sherman's March to Seas(1864) | Crippled the Southern industry by destroying everything |
| South's surrender(1865) | Lee surrenders at Appomattox |
| Robert E. Lee | Was the overall commander of the Confederate states |
| Ulysses Grant | Was the commanding general who led Union to victory |
| Benjamin Butler | Over 500,000 enslaved people fled for Union lines Butler refused to send back enslaved people who had fled Deemed them as "contraband of war" |
| Fremont | Declared all enslaved people belong to rebel owners were free |
| Hunter | Declared all enslaved people in SC, FL, and GA free |
| Lincoln's action | Rescinded both Fremont and Hunter Was against slavery but restricted due to presidential position Needed to remain in the middle to win the war Could not upset the border states to lead them to the confederates Was in favor of gradual emancipation |
| Northern War perspective | War for the Union Northern Democrats believed only war for the Union specifically Northern Abolitionists claim war for emancipation |
| American Exceptionalism | Needed to prove the great US "democracy" would remain |
| First Confiscation Act(1861) | Legalizes Butler's actions Began to free enslaved people in various territories |
| Second Confiscation Act(1862) | Declared enslaved people belonging to anyone supporting the confederacy "shall be forever free" Only enforcable by the Union |
| Greeley letter | Set the stage so that in the FUTURE, Lincoln would be able to make claims that abolishing slavery is good for Union |
| NYC Draft Riots(1863) | Drafted people to war but could bail out So targets the poor Black men were not citizens so were not drafted and led to riots by white people Eventually helped place AA in army |
| 54th Massachusetts | Acclaimed unit for valor Helped encourage further enlistment & mobilization of AA |
| AA enlistment | More than 100,000 AA enlisted Segregated units Played a key role in war victory |
| Impacts of War | Northern political dominance Impact on AA and women Economic impact |
| Northern political dominance | Led to the stoppage of issues such as nullification and secession Established the power of federal government |
| Role of women | With many men leaving off to war, women had to step up to fill labor jobs Paved conditions for later women's voting rights |
| Role of AA | After 13th amendment, were freed from slavery |
| Morrill Tariff Act(1861) | Raised tariffs to protect American manufacturers |
| Homestead Act(1862) | Promoted settlement of the Great Plains |
| Pacific Railway Act(1862) | Authorized building of transcontinental railroad |
| Morrill Land Grant Act(1863) | Encouraged states to use money grants for agricultural and technical colleges |
| National Banking System(1865) | Helpful banking system |
| Reconstruction(1863-1877) | Period of time where Union had to deal methods to deal with the South and what happens to the freed men |
| Presidential Reconstruction(1863-1866) | President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave South a chance to help the transition from slavery to freedom Gave the freed people no role |
| Congressional(Racial) Reconstruction(1867-1872) | Congress stepped in seeking to give the rights to the freed people |
| Redemption Reconstruction(1872-1877) | The overthrow of the radical Republicans by the white democrats |
| Andrew Johnson(1865-1869) | Was Lincoln's vice so he took up after Lincoln was assassinated Not a good guy really |
| Freedmen's Bureau(1865) | Established the Bureau to take the old confederates land and distribute it to the freed people Namely for the purpose of education, shelter, and land |
| Johnson pardoning | Johnson originally was a poor democrat and forced the confederate generals to have to beg him to be pardoned |
| Returning of the Bureau | Johnson ordered Howard to restore the Bureau land back to the Southerners Led to generational wealth gap |
| "Lost cause" myth | A book that conveyed Southerners as defending against Northern aggression |
| Black codes | Essentially just reinstituded slavery under a different land Prohibited renting land Forced long-term work contracts No guns No court |
| Radical Republicans react | Unhappy with Johnson Unhappy with his decision to veto the Bureau and Civil Rights Act |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 | Anyone born in America is a citizen |
| Formation of KKK(1866) | Rise of white power movements Under Forest |
| 39th Congress | Was not in session so had to watch helplessly When reopened, they ignored the new confederate delegates Passed civil rights act |
| Memphis Massacre(1866) | White people were seeking to hunt black people Shows Johnson's reconstruction was terrible failure |
| 13th Amendment(1865) | Abolish slavery |
| 14th Amendment(1868) | Citizenship for black people |
| 15th Amendment(1869) | Gave right to vote to black people |
| AA legislature | Increase in AA representation, but only for a brief period of time |
| Scalawags | Southern whites who supported Republican Reconstruction |
| Carpetbaggers | Northerners who relocated to the south |
| Election of 1868 | President Ulysses Grant Won due to African American voters |
| Amnesty act of 1872 | Removed the last of restrictions on ex-Confederates |
| Wade-Davis Bill(1864) | Was the proclamation of Amnesty |
| Amnesty | An official pardon of political offenses |
| Compromise of 1877 | A second corrupt bargain that allows Hayes to become president under certain conditions |
| Jim Crow Laws | Just laws segregating by race |
| Plessy v. Ferguson(1896) | Supreme Court rules that "separate but equal" does NOT violate 14th Amendment |
| Efforts to disenfranchise | South sought to limit Black people's rights even more |
| Literacy tests | Made to deny AA right to voting |
| Poll tax | Certain people needed to be taxed to vote |
| Grandfather clause | Prove your grandfather could vote |
| Lincoln's election in 1860 | Was important because he ran on platform that slavery should end South felt that it was violating their rights to hold enslaved |
Created by:
whnd
Popular U.S. History sets