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U.S. History
U.S. History S1 Final Exam Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire change the workplace? | This event brought attention to the dangerous working conditions in manufacturing |
| What is a Muckraker? What did they do? | These are journalists |
| What did Upton Sinclair's The Jungle do? | This work exposed the working conditions in the meatpacking industry |
| What did the Pure Food and Drug Act do? | This prohibited the sale of poor quality food and drugs |
| How did W.E.B. Du Bois think African Americans would advance in American society? | African American civil rights leader who promoted African American education and criticized the government's acceptance of racial segregation. |
| How did Booker T. Washington think African Americans would advance in Ameican society? | African American civil rights leader who told Black people to move slowly towards progress through hard work and time |
| What time period saw these Constitutional Amendments: federal income tax | directed election of senators |
| What was the goal of the NAACP? | This group tries to ensure the political |
| What was the Great Migration - who was moving and why? | In the late 1800s~1920s African Americans were leaving the south to avoid strict segregation laws and get better housing |
| How did the U.S. acquire the Alaskan territory? | The United States acquired this territory by purchasing it from Russia |
| What were the main reasons the U.S. wanted to be imperialistic? | There was a desire for new markets for its industrial products and a belief in the racial and cultural superiority of Americans |
| How did rapid industrial growth encourage the U.S. to created an empire? | Many young people |
| What is Social Darwinism? | The belief that those who are successful got their because they were the "fittest |
| What is yellow journalism and how did it help cause the Spanish-American War? | ___ is journalism based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration |
| Why did some people want the U.S. to encourage remain isolated of becoming imperialistic? | After WWI Americans believed that the United States' participation in that the nineteen months of the bloody conflict had been a mistake |
| What territories did the U.S. gain after the Spanish-American War? | Puerto Rico and Guam |
| What did the U.S. get to do after helping Panama gain its independence? | Panama signed a treaty allowing the U.S. to build |
| What is "big stick" diplomacy? Which president is it associated with? | Theodore's ideology with international relationships |
| What is "moral" or "missionary" diplomacy? Which president is it associated with? | President Woodrow Wilson's policy that the US had a moral responsibility to deny diplomatic recognition to any Latin American government that was not democratic |
| What is "dollar" diplomacy? Which president is it associated with? | William Howard Taft's policy to extend a country's financial power to boost its international influence |
| What were the root causes of World War I? | Militarism |
| What is a mutual defense alliance? | A type of alliance where they promise to support and defend each other |
| What was the immediate cause of WWI | The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary |
| What is "neutrality"? Who was president during WWI? | abstention of a country's (in this case) participation in a war |
| How did the sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmerman Note help pull the U.S. into WWI? | This helped pressure President Wilson to ask Congress for a declaration of war and added a sense of urgency |
| Why did the U.S. refuse the sign the Treaty of Versailles? | Senators thought this could lead American troops into further wars to settle European disputes |
| What was a flapper? What did they symbolize? | These were women who wore short skirts |
| What was prohibition? How did it lead to the rise of organized crime? | Prohibition was the banning of production |
| Who were Sacco and Vanzetti? What happened to them? | Italian immigrant anarchists who were controversially accused of murdering Alessandro Berardelli and Frederick Parmenter |
| Why was the Scopes "Monkey" Trial signifigant? | This was viewed as an opportunity to publicly advocate for the legitimacy of Darwin's theory of evolution |
| What caused the farming crisis in the 1920's? | Prices for crops fell after WW1 while farmers continued to over produce without the demand from the war |
| What were the causes of the Great Depression? | The collapse of world trade due to the Smoot-Hawley Tariff; government policies; bank failures and panics; and the collapse of the money supply |
| Why were shantytowns called "Hoovervilles"? | President Herbert Hoover's ineffective relief policies |
| What was the unemployment rate during the Great Depression? | 24.9% |
| Who made up the "Bonus" army and what were they doing? | 10 |
| What was the purpose of FDR's New Deal? | This aimed to restore prosperity to Americans |
| What did the Social Security Act do during the New Deal? | This created a social insurance program designed to pay retired workers age 65 or older a continuing income after retirement |
| How did the New Deal increase the power of the federal Government? Why did some people dislike it? | This increased the authority of the federal government in industrial relations and gave further organizing power to labor unions |
| What was the non-aggression pact? | Germany and the Soviet Union agreeing that they would not attack each other and secretly divided the countries that lay between them |
| How did totalitarian dictators rise to power in the 1930s Europe? | They gained power through promises to fix the economy |
| What is the policy of appeasement? | _____ is pacifying an aggrieved country through negotiation in order to prevent war |
| What did Winston Churchill mean when he said | "Britain and France had to choose between war and dishonor. They chose dishonor. They will have war." What was he referring to? |
| What style of government did Stalin use? | Soviet Communist Party |
| What style of government did Hitler use? | Totalitarian |
| What style of government did Tojo use? | Authoritarian government |
| What style of government did Mussolini use? | Fascism |
| How did "Rosie the Riveter" symbolize the new role of women in the workforce? | Propaganda of a female factory worker flexing her muscle |
| Why were Japanese-Americans put in internment camps in WWII? | Many Americans worried that citizens of Japanese ancestry would act as spies or saboteurs for the Japanese government |
| Why are there often many technological advances in times of war? | To solve specific military needs |
| What was the effect of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor? | This crippled or destroyed nearly 20 American ships and more than 300 airplanes |
| Which U.S. president made the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima? | President Harry S. Truman |
| What happened at the Nuremberg Trials? | This uncovered the German leadership that supported the Nazi dictatorship |
| What was the purpose of the Nazi's "Final Solution"? | Systematic mass murder of Jews (last stage of the Holocaust |
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