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Foundational Docs

Exam Review

TermDefinition
Federalist No. 10 Madison addressed the issue of Factions; defined factions as Groups who gather to protect/ promote economic interests/political opinions; these factions are at odds with each other, frequently work together against public/ infringe upon rights of others
Federalist No. 10 a large republic would do this better than smaller representative governments such as individual states; A large Republic will have more factions-so no one faction will be able to gain too much power.
Federalist No. 10 Elected officials, in a large Republic, would be less influenced by factions because the number of voters would outnumber the membership of various factions. Whereas, at the state level it would be possible for a faction to become dominant.
Federalist No. 10 can be used as evidence that the framers expected the U.S. government to be pluralist-as they expected groups to be important-and believed that the Constitution would counteract/contain their potential harmful effects
Brutus No. 1 major concern was that the new Constitutional government would be so powerful as to overwhelm the rights of individuals. (This is of course why the Anti-Federalists were so keen on adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution)
Brutus No. 1 individual rights were better protected by keeping more power in the hands of states-while giving less power to the new national government. This is because state governments were closer to the people than a distant national government.
Brutus No. 1 argue that states can make better public policy because they are closer to the people (more representative) and could make policies that are more tailored to their states.
Declaration of Independence Gov’t has only those powers given to it by the people (Limited Government)/Legitimate source of gov’t power is the people (Popular Sovereignty; REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY; Natural Rights
Declaration of Independence SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY: Gov’ts are formed voluntarily-people giving up some amount of their freedom in return for certain protections-when the gov’t violates the contract-rebellion is justified.
The Articles of Confederation key is most power left to states; structure-one house Congress;lacked both executive and judicial branches; State Sovereignty; MOST POWER LEFT TO THE STATES-AS OPPOSED TO THE CONSTITUTION WITH FEDERAL SUPREMACY
The Articles of Confederation States decide how they would select their representatives to the one House Congress.-See the similarity with how Senators were originally chosen in the Constitution. Representatives also were limited in the amount of time they could serve. (Term limits)
Federalist No. 51 focuses on Separation of Powers (division of powers between branches of government) and Checks and Balances (gives each branch of government the power to limit the other branches)
Federalist No. 51 reduce the chance that any branch of government would gain too much power; dividing those powers and creating competition/ interaction between branches in policy making. concerned to not weaken new government so much that it could not perform its duties
Federalism DISTRIBUTION OF POWER BETWEEN NATIONAL AND STATE GOV’TS
Federalist No. 70 discusses the debate over how powerful the Presidency should be and whether it should be a multi-person council or a single individual. Supports a strong executive. multiple executive lead to a divided executive --which could lead to executive gridlock
Federalist No. 70 division within the legislative branch led to deliberation-and compromise-both of which- are beneficial to the legislative process. Once a majority is reached the law will be passed. But this type of division is a negative in the executive branch
Federalist No. 78 Federal judges should be appointed for life, specifically “to hold their offices during good behavior”; courts would be protected from political influence/public opinion; believed Judiciary would be the weakest branch
Created by: rcooke
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