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Praxis 5081
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| Primarily intended on paying for the military defense of the colonies. Parliament required that all revenue stamps be affixed to all colonial printed matter. | Stamp Act |
| This colony was distinctive because it had a popularly elected legislature. | British Colony of Virginia |
| An ethnic group that gained the most political power as a result of the American Revolution. | White middle class men |
| Were opposed to the ratification of the Constitution because it lacked a bill of rights. Opponents of the Constitution who saw it as a limitation on individual and states' rights, their demands led to the addition of the a Bill of Rights to the document. | Anti-Federalists |
| Was a prominent American abolitionist and social reformer. He is best known as the editor of the radical abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator, and as one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, he promoted "immediate emancipation" of slaves | William Lloyd Garrison |
| Was an American abolitionist, who advocated and practiced armed insurrection as a means to end all slavery. He led the Pottawatomie Massacre in 1856 in Bleeding Kansas and made his name in the unsuccessful raid at Harpers Ferry in 1859. | John Brown |
| Escaping from slavery, he made strong contributions to the abolitionist movement, and achieved a public career that led to his being called "The Sage of Anacostia" and "The Lion of Anacostia". | Fredrick Douglas |
| Friction between English settlers and Native Americans | Bacon's Rebellion |
| This document, the nation's first constitution, was adopted by the second continental congress in 1781. The document was limited because states held most of the power, and congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage | Articles of Confederation |
| Was one of the regions of the South that had the strongest pro-Union sentiments at the outbreak of the Civil War. | The Appalachian Plateau |
| Refers to the era of rapid economic and population growth in the United States during the post-Civil War and post-Reconstruction era of the late 19th century (1865-1901). Is most famous for the creation of a modern industrial economy. | The Gilded Age |
| Increased scale of cotton production during the 1830s and 1840s in the United States. | Migration to the trans-Mississippi southwest |
| Was a movement in western Europe and the Americas to end the slave trade and set slaves free. The slave system aroused little protest until the 18th century, | Abolitionism |
| Together with his older brothers Gideon and Charles, he helped runaway slaves to escape to the North along the Ohio part of the Underground Railroad. In 1858 he and Charles partnered in leading the Ohio Anti-Slavery Society. | John Mercer Langston |
| Favors certain native groups to a place than immigrants. Belief that immigrants can't change or adapt to the natural culture. | Nativism |
| Is a foreign policy which combines a non-interventionist military policy and a political policy of economic nationalism (protectionism). In other words, it asserts both of the following: Non-interventionism & Protectionism | Isolationism |
| Political rulers should avoid entangling alliances with other nations and avoid all wars not related to direct territorial self-defense. | Non-Interventionism |
| There should be legal barriers to control trade and cultural exchange with people in other states. | Protectionism |
| Is a social movement against the use of alcoholic beverages. Its movements may criticize excessive alcohol use, promote complete abstinence, or pressure the government to enact anti-alcohol legislation. | Temperance Movement |
| Was an American military officer, statesman and leader of the Confederacy during the American Civil War, serving as the president of the Confederate States of America for its entire history, 1861 to 1865. | Jefferson Davis |
| This book Chronicles the experiences of Native Americans in the United States, focusing on examples of injustices | A Century of Dishonor by Helen Hunt Jackson, |
| The story takes place in 1757, during the Seven Years' War, when France and Great Britain battled for control of the North American colonies. All sides used Native American soldiers to fight in the war. The French relied on the Native Americans. | The Last of the Mohicans by James Fennimore Cooper, |
| He was the war leader of the Migos Indians, generally told natives not attack white settlers. On May 3, 1774, a group of Virginia settlers murdered a dozen Mingos including his mother and sister. He wanted revenge for his loved ones. He wrote a speech. | Logan's Lament |
| Is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe which inspired people in the North to join antislavery campaigns. | Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| Was sparked by the factor of a continuing dispute over the southern boundary of Texas. | Mexican American War |
| This president's platform encouraged decreasing taxes and government regulation. Conservative politician | Ronald Regan |
| Dominant agricultural model in the post-Civil War South. Is a system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crop produced on the land (e.g., 50% of the crop). | Sharecropping |
| Is a large farm or estate, usually in a tropical where crops are grown for sale in staple markets, rather than for local consumption. Dominated southern agriculture from the mid-eighteenth century to the Civil War. They had twenty or more slaves. | Plantation |
| Imposed harsh punishments for expressing ideas disloyal to the United States. | Sedation Act |
| This group came to the United States between 1815 and 1860 because it was attracted to the availability of inexpensive land and higher wages. | European Immigrants |
| Former independent agency of the U.S. government, established in 1887; it was charged with regulating the economics and services of specified carriers engaged in transportation between states. TR strengthen it. | Interstate Commerce Commission |
| United States railroad trust formed in 1902 by E. H. Harriman, James J. Hill, J.P. Morgan, J. D. Rockefeller, and their associates. The company controlled major railways. Sued in 1902, as one of the first antitrust cases against a cooperation. | Northern Securities Company |
| Requires the United States Federal government to investigate statute to limit cartels and monopolies. Basis of most anti-trust law. However, for the most part, politicians were unwilling to use the law until Theodore Roosevelt's Presidency (1901-1908). | Sherman Antitrust Act |
| responsible for processing immigration and naturalization applications and establishing policies regarding immigration services. | Immigration and Naturalization Service |
| An American civil rights activist. He became the head of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), became the founder and editor of The Crisis. Create a black elite. Wiling to work with progressive white Americans. | W.E.DuBois |
| Inspired by what he heard he returned to Jamaica and established the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and published the pamphlet, The Negro Race and Its Problems. Inspired by Booker T. Washington. | Marcus Garvey |
| Was co-founder and leader of the Black Panther Party for Self Defense, an African-American organization established to promote Black Power, civil rights and self-defense. | Huey Newton. |
| Was an African-American Muslim minister, public speaker, and human rights activist. To his admirers, he was a courageous advocate for the rights of African Americans, | Malcom X |
| Passed over President Harry Truman's veto, the law contained a number of provisions to weaken labor unions, including the banning of closed shops. It imposed a federally mandated "cooling-off period" on strikes judged to endanger national security. | Taft Hartley Act |
| Was a series of economic programs passed by Congress during FDR's first term, The programs were responses to the Great Depression, the 3Rs: relief, recovery and reform. It attempted to improve the economy through large-scale spending on relief and reform | The New Deal |
| Was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that the power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution. | Gibbons vs. Oregon |
| U.S. Supreme Court decision required police to advise persons in custody of their rights to legal counsel and against self-incrimination. 1966. Miranda rights | Miranda vs. Arizona |
| U.S. Supreme Court decision guaranteeing legal counsel for indigent felony defendants. (1963) | Gideon vs. Wainwright |
| Was a United States Supreme Court case holding that criminal suspects have a right to counsel during police interrogations under the Sixth Amendment. (1964) | Escobedo v. Illinois |
| Social reform movement of the nineteenth century driven by the belief that by establishing small communities based on common ownership of property, a less competitive and individualistic society could be developed. | Communitarianism |
| Term describing decline of manufacturing in old industrial areas in the late twentieth century as companies shifted production to low wage centers in the South and West or in other countries. | Deindustrialization |
| Fervent religious revival movement in the 1720s through the 40s that was spread throughout the colonies by ministers like New England Congregationalist Jonathan Edwards and English revivalist George Whitefield. | The First Great Awakening |
| Anti-modernist Protest movement started in the early twentieth century that proclaimed the literal truth of the Bible, the name came from the Fundamentals, published by conservative leaders. | Fundamentalism |
| Term that entered the language in the 1820s to describe the increasing emphasis on the pursuit of personal advancement and private fulfillment free of outside interference. | Individualism |
| Treaty with Britain negotiated in 1794 by Chief Justice John Jay; Britain agreed to vacate forts in the Northwest Territories, and festering disagreements (border with Canada, prewar debts, shipping claims) would be settled by commission. | Jay's Treaty |
| Signed by President Andrew Jackson, the law permitted the negotiation of treaties to obtain the Indians' lands in exchange for their relocation to what would become Oklahoma. 1830 | Indian Removal Act |
| Originally, political philosophy that emphasized the protection of liberty by limiting power of government interference with the natural rights of citizens; in the 20th century a government that promoted social and economic equality | Liberalism |
| Phrase first used in 1845 to urge annexation of Texas used thereafter to encourage American settlement of European colonial and Indian lands in the Great Plains and the West and, more generally, as justification for American empire. | Manifest Destiny |
| Policy of Great Britain and other imperial powers of regulating the economies of colonies to benefit the mother country. | Mercantilism |
| U.S. program for the reconstruction of post-World War II Europe through massive aid to former enemy nations as well as allies. | Marshall Plan |
| Led the most important slave uprising in nineteenth-century America. The rebellion he led killed about sixty white people in Virginia in 1831. | Nat Turner |
| Democrat Woodrow Wilson's political slogan in the presidential campaign of 1912; Wilson wanted to improve the banking system, lower tariffs, and, by breaking up monopolies, give small businesses freedom to compete. | New Freedom |
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