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U.S. History Ch. 13
U.S. History Chapter 13 Vocab and Written Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| popular sovereignty | the residents of an area could decide the status of slavery in their territory |
| free soilers | favored keeping slavery in territories where it was already established but not extending it to other territories |
| forty-niners | first wave of gold hunters to come to California - 1849 |
| fire-eaters | Southern Democrat extremists who advocated the South leaving the Union |
| Stephen A. Douglass | major Democratic party leader of the 1850's |
| know-nothings | American Party; replaced the Whigs for a time |
| Republican party | successor of the Whigs |
| John C. Fremont | explorer-soldier hero of the Mexican War |
| James Buchanan | Pennsylvanian sympathetic to the South, last Democrat, pro-compromise president |
| John Brown | Connecticut abolitionist who went to Kansas |
| Roger Taney | Chief Justice who wanted to settle the slavery discussion - denied that blacks had citizenship rights |
| Abraham Lincoln | Illinois lawyer and first Republican president |
| secret six | slave revolt |
| John C. Breckinridge | Buchanan's vice president from Kentucky |
| John Bell | presidential nominee from Tennessee |
| secede | leave the Union |
| Jefferson Davis | President of the Confederate States of America |
| Preston Brooks | Southern representative who caned a Northern senator in the Senate chamber |
| Southern senators blocked the ______ each time it passes the house. | Wilmot Proviso |
| What did the Wilmot Proviso amendment say about slavery? | That the U.S. prohibit slavery in territories gained in the Mexican War |
| What did Calhoun's resolution in 1847 say about slavery in the territory? | Slaves owners could own slaves in the territories |
| Who was the Southern spokesman for slavery in the territories? | John C. Calhoun |
| What is the meaning of the compromise position of popular sovereignty? | Residents of a territory decide the status of slavery there |
| Who was Zachary Taylor? | Hero of the Mexican War |
| What was the policy of the Free-Soilers on slavery in the south and the territories? | They favored keeping slavery where it existed, but not extending it to other territories. |
| What was the slogan of the Free-Soilers party? | "Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor, and Free Men" |
| Who were the forty-niners? | The first wave of gold miners to California in 1849 |
| What was the greatest spur to the American settlement in California? | Seeking gold. |
| Why did the Southerners oppose the admission of California as a state? | California could determine the status of slavery once a state. |
| What were the provisions of the Compromise of 1850? | California was a free state, slaves trade was abolished in D.C., a federal slave fugitive act was established, slavery was protected in D.C., and Utah & Nevada were admitted as states. |
| Why did Daniel Webster think the debate of slavery in the new territories needless? | Preservation of the Union |
| Franklin Pierce | Democrat nominee for president that was behind the Compromise of 1850 |
| Which of the provision of the Compromise of 1850 worsened tensions between the North and the South? | The admission of new territories |
| What percent of all Americans owned slaves in the 1850's? | 5% |
| How did thousands of slaves escape the South? | The Underground Railroad |
| What was the name for the most radical southerners that advocated the south leaving the Union? | Fire-eaters |
| What was probably the most effective propaganda tool for abolition? | Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| Stephen Douglass | Illinois Senator who was one of the major proponents of Popular Sovereignty |
| Why did Douglass introduce the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854? | To win Southern support for his railroad. |
| Who were the Know-Nothings American Party? | Party arising from immigrants from the potato famine - replaced the Whigs for a while |
| Which party became the real successor to the Whig Party? | Republican party |
| Republican party | anti-slavery, pro-business |
| John C. Fremont | War hero and the first Republican candidate for president |
| The Abolitionists were _______ for the violence in "Bleeding Kansas". | not primarily responsible |
| Pro-slavery forces were responsible for the _____. | sack of Lawrence |
| John Brown | fanatical anti-slavery terrorist |
| What was the Dred Scott v. Stanford case about? | Ruled that if a slave owner moved to a free state, the slaves were free. |
| Chief Justice Roger Taney claimed that that constitution did not recognize ____ as citizens. | free blacks |
| Who was the former slave who the Supreme Court denied was a citizen with rights? | Dred Scott |
| What was the basic position of the Freeport Doctrine? | Territory could prohibit slavery by refusing to adopt laws that endorsed or protected it |
| Abraham Lincoln believed ____ should not abolish slavery in the South. | Congress |
| According to Lincoln, what was at the heart of his debate with Douglas? | The Union |
| Which federal arsenal was attacked in 1859 in hopes of sparking a slave revolt? | Harpers Ferry |
| Which party was created in 1860 by Conservative Northerners and Southerners who wanted to preserve the Union? | Constitutional Union Party |
| John C. Breckinridge | Southern Democrat candidate in the crucial election of 1860 |
| John Bell | constitutional Union candidate in the crucial election of 1860 |
| Whose compromise measure failed in a last-ditch effort to save the Union? | John J. Crittenden |
| What event caused the lower South to secede? | Fort Sumter |
| Where did the first shot of war between the states take place? | Fort Sumter |
| What event caused the upper South to secede? | The victory of Abraham Lincoln in the presidential election |
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