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Egypt Ch. 5 Lesson 2
Definition | Term |
---|---|
government in which the same person is both the political leader and the religious leader | theocracy |
Egyptian rulers that held total power; believed to be a god on earth | pharaohs |
government officials that carried out the pharaoh’s orders | bureaucrat |
the sun god | Re |
the river god | Hapi |
ruled over the world of the dead with his wife, Isis | Osiris |
the god of learning | Thoth |
book of prayers and magic spells to prepare for the afterlife | Book of the Dead |
the process of treating a body to prevent it from decaying | embalming |
a tightly wrapped body with long strips of linen | mummy |
enormous structures were made of stone that protected the bodies of dead pharaohs | pyramids |
the biggest and grandest of the pyramids; built for King Khufu in Giza | The Great Pyramid |
social class system shaped like a pyramid with the pharaoh at the top, followed by the upper class, middle class, and lower class | social pyramid |
top of the pyramid | pharaohs and their families |
upper class | army commanders, nobles, and priests |
middle class | traders, artisans, scribes, and merchants |
lower class | farmers, unskilled workers, and enslaved people |
rights of Egyptian women | own property, buy and sell goods, and obtain a divorce |