Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
UNIT 5 US HISTORY
US HISTORY UNIT 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cold War | Era of Distrust and Hostility between the US and Soviet Union (1945-1991) |
| Capitalism | Private ownership of industry, freedom of competition, government keeps hands off (Laissez-faire) Leads to different economic classes- Rich and poor |
| Democracy | Government of the people. People elect their leaders |
| Freedom | valuing freedoms of speech, press, business |
| Individualism | Emphasizes the need for people to do things on their own. Competition is good. the best individuals have moor power, status, money |
| socialism | gov't owns industries. the goal of the gov't is to bring equality to people. to have a classless society with no rich or poor |
| totalitarianism | gov't led by a dictator. total control over many aspects of people's lives |
| equality | valuing basic needs (food, homes, education, jobs) |
| collectivism | emphasizes the need for people to work together to benefit everyone. everyone works the same amount and everone gains the same benefits |
| country who practiced capitalism | United states |
| country who practiced communism | soviet union |
| Yalta Conference | Stalin agreed to allow self determination in Eastern Europe. Eastern European nations turned communist (Soviet satellites) |
| Iron Curtain | boundary that separated democratic/capitalist Western Europe from communist/totalitarian Eastern Europe |
| Containment | a foreign policy created by the U.S. called Containment to stop Soviet influence & the spread of communism |
| Truman Doctrine | created by the U.S. promising economic & military help to any nation threatened by communism |
| Marshall Plan | plan which offered $13 billion to help rebuild post-war Europe |
| Nato | Created by the U.S. - North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): a military alliance among democratic countries in Europe & North America |
| CIA | The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was created to spy on foreign nations, collect national security information, and carry out co |
| Berlin Blockaid | ordered by Stalin to shut down all ground transportation to West Berlin |
| Berlin Airlift | U.S . and British planes supplied supplied Berlin with food, fuel, and supplies |
| Domino Theory | in which communist nations turn their neighbors communist |
| H-Bomb | hydrogen bomb 1,000 times more powerful than the atomic bomb |
| ICBMs | intercontinental ballistic missiles could deliver nuclear warheads to distant targets |
| Brinkmanship | President Eisenhower escalated the Cold War by using brinkmanship: threatening to use nuclear weapons & willingness to go to the brink of war |
| MAD | Mutually Assured Destruction With the USA & USSR in possession of large nuclear stockpiles, each side could destroy each other: this was known as Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) |
| Red Scare | Fears of a nuclear attack and spread of communism |
| Loyalty Review Board | created to investigate & dismiss “disloyal” government employees |
| HUAC | House Un-American Activities Committee investigated suspected communists in the entertainment & other industries |
| The Rosenbergs | Julius & Ethel Rosenberg were executed for passing atomic bomb secrets to the USSR |
| Joseph McCarthy | Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy emerged as the leader of the anti- communist Red Scare |
| Mccarthysim | “McCarthyism” did not result in a single confirmed communist or spy in the U S gov’t |
| Interstate Highway Act | In response to the threat of a Soviet nuclear attack, Congress created the Interstate Highway System in 1956 |
| Khrushchev | formed a communist alliance to rival NATO, called the Warsaw Pact |
| Warsaw Pact | a communist alliance to rival NATO |
| Sputnik | the first satellite into space |
| Baby Boom | a rise in the birthrate Inleading to the largest generation in U.S. history |
| Suburbs | Suburbs offered peace of mind, affordable homes, & good schools |
| GI Bill | offered returning soldiers cheap loans for new homes & tuition for college |
| Rock N Roll | Doo-wop” music dominated the early 1950s |
| Elvis Presley | made rock n roll popular among the youth |
| Beat Movement | rejected conformity "Beatniks" lived nonconformist lives |
| Election of 1960 | Americans used TV as a tool to make informed decisions |
| John F Kennedy | Democrat Massachusetts, W WealthyW2 Veteran US Senator Young, offered hope |
| Richard Nixon | Republican California, Older WW2 Veteran VP for Eisenhower, Congress Experienced |
| New Frontier | President Kennedy’s vision for America was called the “New Frontier” |
| Space Race | JFK committed the U.S. to catch the USSR in the space race by landing a man on the moon |
| West Berlin Crisis | Soviet leader Khrushchev threatened to cut off access to West Berlin JFK vowed to never give up access to West Berlin |
| Fidel Castro | gained control of Cuba, seized property, & took aid from Khrushchev in the Soviet Union |
| Bay of Pigs | the Bay of Pigs invasion failed after JFK called off air strikes on Cuba |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | In 1962, U.S. spy planes revealed nuclear missile camps in Cuba |
| JFKs Assassination | 22 Nov 1963 – President Kennedy and his wife traveled to Dallas, Texas. JFK was shot twice 1 hit him in the chest, and a fatal shot to the head |
| Emmitt Till | 14 year old, Emmett Till, was lynched in Money, MS for whistling at a White girl The two white men accused of murdering Till were found not guilty due to lack of concrete evidence |
| Brown vs. Board of Education | in 1954 The Modern Civil Rights movement began with Brown vs. Board of education. Supreme Court ruled segregation (separate facilities ) violate the 14th amendment. |
| Rosa Parks | arrested for disobeying an Alabama law requiring segregation on city buses sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott | boycott of the bus system to protest segregation organized by Martin Luther King (MLK) |
| Southern Christian Leadership Conference | based on peaceful resistance & Christian love Non-violent approach ( SCLC) formed by MLK |
| Little Rock Nine | Arkansas governor Orval Faubus called the National Guard to keep black students from enrolling in Little Rock’s Central High School |
| Sit in Movement | In 1960, students from NC A&T led a sit-in at a segregated lunch counter in Greensboro, NC led to the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) |
| Freedom Rides | rode buses throughout the South to test whether integration orders were being enforced |
| Birmingham Campaign | Birmingham was considered the “most segregated city in America” MLK organized a march to integrate Birmingham, Alabama |
| Letter from a Birmingham Jail | an open letter written by MLK while in jail in response to white leaders who believed King was pushing too fast towards civil rights |
| March on Washington | In 1963, civil rights leaders led a March on Washington to pressure Congress to pass a civil rights bill |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | law outlawed discrimination based on race, religion, & gender & ended most Jim Crow laws |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | outlawed the discriminatory voting practices such as literacy test and poll taxes |
| Freedom Summer | In 1964, white & black college students took part in Freedom Summer to help register African American voters in Mississippi |
| March on Selma | In 1965, MLK organized a march in Selma, Alabama to protest voting restrictions |
| Malcom X | controversial Muslim leader, speaker; gets much publicity • Frightens whites, moderate blacks; resented by other Black Muslims |
| Ho Chi Minh | gained control of communist North Vietnam |
| Vietcong | In South Vietnam, a group of communists - formed to oppose Diem & unify Vietnam |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | gave Lyndon Johnson broad powers to “defend Vietnam at any cost a response to an attack on the USS Maddox by North Vietnamese gunboat |
| Operation Rolling Thunder | bombing of North Vietnam by the US Military |
| Napalm | type of bomb mixture used to destroy villages |
| Tet Offensive | an attack against U.S. forces in South Vietnam by the Vietcong |
| MLKs Assissination | assassinated in 1968 marked a turning point in the civil rights movement from non-violence to radicalism and black power |
| RFKs Assassination | assassinated when he ran for president |
| Democratic National Convention | RFKs death led to a divide in the Democratic party and a massive , violent protest at the Chicago Democratic Convention |
| Election of 1968 | Richard Nixon won the election |
| Vietnamization | plan by Nixon and Henry Kissinger to gradually withdraw U.S. troops and replace them with South Vietnamese soldiers |
| Kent State Massacre | 4 students died when the National Guard shot into a crowd of violent protestors at Kent State University |
| War Powers Act | Congress limited a president's ability to send troops without a declaration of war by passing the War Powers Act in 1973 |
| Detente | policy to ease tensions |
| Vietnam | Nixon’s foreign policy included “peace with honor” in Vietnam |
| China | Nixon’s foreign policy included better relations with China |
| USSR | Nixon’s détente policy was aimed at easing Cold War tensions with the USSR |
| SALT Treaty | Strategic Arms Limitation Talks |
| Watergate Scandal | a well-funded plan of espionage & sabotage by the Committee to Re- Elect the President (CREEP) |
| Pardon | (forgive) Ford pardoned Nixon of any crimes related to Watergate |
| Stagflation | a stagnant economy and high inflation |
| OPEC | Org of Petroleum Exporting Countries formed by the middle east and latin america |
| Camp David Accords | Carter brought Egyptian leader Anwar el-Sadat & Israeli leader Menachem Begin to the U.S. for the Camp David Accords in 1977 |
| Iranian Revolution | led by Islamic cleric Ayatollah Khomeini |
| AIDS | the 1st AIDs cases were among gay men |
| Sandinistas | Reagan committed to fighting communism and maintaining order in latin amreica |
| Iran-Contra Affair | illegal activities discovered Oliver North admitted to running the operation Regan escaped from the scandal |
| Strategic Defense Initiative | "star Wars program" massive defensive system of satellites |
| Perestroika | introducing moderate capitalism and allowing some business and property ownership |
| Glasnost | freedom of speech and competitive elections |
| INF Treaty | signed by Reagan and Gorbachev to eliminate ICBMs in Europe |
| Contract with America | Republicans took control of the House of Representatives for the 1st time since 1954 |
| NAFTA | North American Free Trade Agreement signed by Clinton Reduced trade barriers among USA, Mexico, and Canada |
| September 11 2001 | Al-Qaeda terrorist hijacked 4 planes and attacked the World Trade Center and Pentagon |
| War on Terrorism | declared by President Bush after 9/11 |
Created by:
trenicetaylor
Popular U.S. History sets