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Mesopotamia

TermDefinition
Fertile Crescent Region where Mesopotamia was located; nicknamed the "cradle of civilization"
Mesopotamia region who's name translates to "land between two rivers"
Tigris & Euphrates Rivers Two important rivers located in the fertile crescent; was an important resource to the many city-states established among their banks
Polytheism the belief and worship of many gods
Cuneiform first writing system established in Mesopotamia; wedge shaped characters etched into stone tablets
Scribe a person who was able to read and write in cuneiform
Ziggurat pyramid shaped towers used as religious centers in Mesopotamian city-states
City-State Independent areas in Mesopotamia with its own city and surrounding farm areas
Empire A region that controls many different territories or countries
Barter trading system exchanging goods without the use of money
Sumer the first civilization; located in Mesopotamia
Akkadian Empire First empire in history; created by King Sargon
Babylonian Empire Empire which followed the Akkadian Empire; ruled by King Hammurabi
Assyrian Empire Empire which followed Babylon; known for their war skills; led by King Ashurbanipal
Phoenician Empire civilization known for their maritime (sea)skills and ship building; created the first alphabet
Neo-Babylonian Empire Empire which followed the Assyrian Empire; was ruled by King Nebuchadnezzar and only lasted about 50 years
Persian Empire Empire which followed Neo-Babylon and ended the Fertile Crescent empires; largest empire so far
King Sargon King of Kish who eventually formed the Akkadian Empire; the first empire in history
Hammurabi King of Babylon who ruled for about 30 years; created a strict code of laws
Hammurabi's Code Set of laws which governed life in the Babylonian Empire
Precept Laws which were etched onto stone tablets in cuneiform
Social Structure the way in which a civilization organizes people into different groups or classes based on wealth or occupations
Ashurbanipal King of the Assyrian Empire; strong military leader
Cavalry an army of soldiers who are mounted on horseback; Assyria was the first to use this method
Hanging Gardens One of the wonders of the ancient world; constructed by King Nebuchadnezzar of Neo-Bablyon because his wife missed her homeland
Nebuchadnezzar King of Neo-Babylon who was responsible for the construction of the hanging gardens, city walls, gates and temples
Standing Army soldiers who were ready to battle at a moment's notice
Cyrus the Great King of the Persian Empire; had early ideals of democracy, religious tolerance and established a standing army
Rule of Law All members of a society must obey the law
Created by: MsScottNBC
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