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Module 3
Imperialism and World War I
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Imperialism | Politically or economically controlling a country. Reasons in favor: desire for raw materials and trade partners; belief that the U.S. is simply better; wanted to "Christianize" other countries and give them democracy |
| Yellow journalism | Sensationalized journalism used by William Randolph Hurst to push the U.S. towards fighting the Spanish-American War |
| Interventionism | Reasons in favor of imperialism |
| Non-interventionism | Reasons not in favor of imperialism (against our founding principles; Americans will lose jobs to foreigners) |
| Annexation of Hawaii | White sugar planters take over the islands and depose the queen; request that the U.S. takes over |
| Spanish-American War | War between the U.S. and Spain fought in Cuba. Spain loses, giving the U.S. control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines |
| Philippine Insurrection | Filipino conflict in retaliation of the U.S. refusing the Philippine's desire for independence |
| Panama Canal | Canal built by the U.S. that cuts travel time between East and West coast by half. Angers Columbia after Roosevelt supports a Panama's independence from them |
| USS Maine | Explosion of the ship blamed falsely on Spain by yellow journalists. Leads to the Spanish-American War |
| Big Stick Diplomacy | Foreign policy of Teddy Roosevelt that emphasized grand displays of U.S. power when negotiating |
| Dollar Diplomacy | Foreign policy of Taft that emphasized using U.S. investment in a foreign country in order to gain power and influence |
| Moral Diplomacy | Foreign policy of Woodrow Wilson that supported democratic countries and harming countries that were harmful to the U.S. |
| Causes of WWI | MAIN: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism; conflict starts after the assassination of Austro-Hungarian heir Franz Ferdinand |
| U.S. Neutrality in WWI | U.S. remained neutral during WWI due to it being "Europe's problem". However, U.S. government still supplied the Allied Powers with weapons |
| Unrestricted Submarine Warfare | German policy to sink any ship without warning. Believed that U.S. ships had weapons on them |
| Zimmerman Telegram | German telegram to Mexico offering to fund a war between them and the U.S. to keep the U.S. from entering WWI. Leads the U.S. to declare war on Germany |
| "Defending democracy" | Woodrow Wilson's official reasoning for entering WWI, in order to defend the rights of European countries to have a democracy |
| Sinking of the Lusitania | British ship sunk due to it having weapons on it. Over 100 Americans die, causing conflicts between the U.S. and Germany |
| Trench warfare | Hallmark of WWI combat where soldiers dug trenches to avoid enemy weapon fire. Leads to high rates of PTSD (shellshock) and trench foot |
| Alvin C. York | Native Tennessean awarded the Medal of Honor after capturing over 100 Germans. Ironic due to his earlier position as a conscientious objector |
| Harlem Hellfighters | Regiment of black soldiers that fought in Europe longer than any other group of American soldiers |
| Herbert Hoover | Headed the American Relief Administration, providing food to war-stricken Europeans. Becomes very popular in the U.S. afterward |
| John J. Pershing | Leader of the American Expeditionary Force during WWI |
| Conscientious objector | Person who does not believe joining the armed forces. Most famous objector was Alvin York |
| Women in WWI | Women begin taking roles in factories that men leave and largely support WWI. Leads to them gaining the right to vote |
| Rationing | Americans told to not eat certain foods and grow their own "Victory" gardens to sustain the war effort |
| Committee on Public Information | Also known as the Creel Committee. Created propaganda to gain more support for America's involvement in WWI |
| Schenck v. United States | Schenck arrested for passing out flyers telling people to avoid the draft. Supreme Court decides that he did break the Espionage Act. Establishes that the 1st Amendment is not protected when their is a "clear and present danger" |
| Espionage Act | Prohibits people from interfering with a war effort. Upheld by Schenck v. United States |
| Sedition Act | Made criticizing the war effort or the government illegal. Repealed after WWI |
| Wilson's Fourteen Points | Woodrow Wilsons plan for world peace after WWI. Largely disregarded by European leaders in favor of the Treaty of Versailles |
| League of Nations | Worldwide peace organization created by Woodrow Wilson. U.S. does not join, rendering it useless |
| Henry Cabot Lodge | Senator and leader of a group called the "Reservationists" who rejected the League of Nations because it could drag the U.S. into another war without Congress's consent |
| Commodore Matthew Perry | Sails to Japan and forces them to open up to American demands for a refueling station. Called "gunboat diplomacy" |
Created by:
ahibbett
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