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Electrolytes
values, functions, descriptions to memorize
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Sodium (Na) | 135-145 mEq/L; major extracellular fluid cation; regulates osmotic forces, water balance, acid-base balance; facilitates nerve conduction and neuro-mm function; role in active transport |
Potassium (K) | 3.5-5.0 mEq/L; major intracellular fluid cation; maintains cell electrical neutrality; facilitates cardiac mm contraction and elec. conductivity; facilitates neuro-mm transmission of nerve impulses; maintains acid-base balance |
Calcium (Ca) | 9-10.5 mg/dL; vital for cell permeability; bone and teeth formation; nerve impulse transmission; normal mm contraction; role in cardiac action potential and cardiac pacemaker automaticity |
Magnesium (Mg) | 1.5-2.3 mEq/L; smoot mm contraction and relaxation; suppressed release of ACh at neuro-mm junctions; formation of bones and teeth |
Posphorous/Phosphate (PO4) | 2.5-4.5 mg/dLphosphorous combines with O2 in body to form phosphate; intracellular anion in bone; component of nucleic acids and cell membrane phospholipids; DNA formation; aerobic and anarobic energy metabolism; role in O2 delivery to tissues |
normal pH (ABGs) | 7.35-7.45 |
pCO2 (ABGs) | 35-45 mmHg (acid and respiratory status) |
pHCO3- (ABGs) | 21-28 mmHg (base and metabolic/kidney) |
pO2 (ABGs) | 80-100 mmHg (hypoxic?) |