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W. Geo Ch 3 Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| culture | beliefs and actions that define a group of people's way of life |
| population density | average number of people in a square mile or square kilometer |
| birthrate | the number of live births each year per 1,000 people |
| immigrants | people who move into the country |
| emigrants | people who leave the country to live in other places |
| urbanization | the growth of city populations |
| rural | countryside |
| culture hearth | place where important ideas begin and from which they spread to surrounding cultures |
| cultural convergence | occurs when the skills, arts, ideas, habits, and institutions of one culture come in contact with those of another culture |
| diffusion | process by which a cultural element is transmitted across some distance from one group of individuals to another |
| cultural divergence | the restriction of a culture from outside cultural influence |
| sovereignty | a nation's freedom from outside control |
| unitary system | when one central government runs the nation |
| federation | some powers are given to the national government and other powers are reserved for more local governments |
| confederation | central government has limited powers, while smaller political units keep their sovereignty |
| authoritarian | leaders hold all or nearly all political power |
| dictatorship | type of authoritarian government in which power is concentrated in a small group or even a single person |
| totalitarianism | extreme form of dictatorship where government tries to control every part of society-politics, economy, and personal lives |
| monarchy | type of authoritarian government where monarchs-kings, queens, pharaohs, shahs, sultans- inherit their positions by being born into the ruling family |
| democracy | country in which people choose their leaders and have the power to set governmental policy |
| traditional economies | also known as subsistence economies, where little surplus is produced and there is relatively little need for markets where people can buy or sell excess goods |
| market economy | also known as the free enterprise system, an economic system that gives great freedom to individuals and groups |
| command economy | an economic system controlled by a single, central government, where nearly all economic decisions are made by government leaders exerting authoritarian control |
| mixed economy | economic system combining public and private enterprise |
| defining factors of country | population, growth, language, cultures, religions, government, technology, economy, history, geography, conflict |
| what would you find in a country with zero population growth? | equal birth and death rates |
| what causes declining death rates in world's less industrialized countries? | most of population is younger?? better healthcare/circumstances?? |
| how do different religions spread throughout the world? | through diffusion? |
| what is a country's non-material culture? | beliefs, traditions, values? |
Created by:
semathew4
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