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Jude 8th- Chapter 16
Chapter 16: Reconstruction Era
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abraham Lincoln | president who was assassinated in Ford's Theater shortly after the Civil War |
| John Wilkes Booth | assassin who killed Abraham Lincoln, believing that in doing so it would somehow save the Confederacy |
| Andrew Johnson | 17th President of the United States |
| Reconstruction | period after the Civil War in which Southern states rebuilt and were brought back into the Union |
| Johnson's Reconstruction Plan | plan that stated former Confederate states could join the Union if they wrote a new Constitution, elected new state governments, repealed their acts of succession, canceled war debt, and ratified the 13th Amendment |
| 13th Amendment | Reconstruction amendment to the Constitution that abolished slavery in the United States |
| freedmen | former enslaved individuals |
| Freedmen's Bureau | agency established by Congress at the end of the Civil War to hep and protect newly freed Black Americans by arranging wages, good working conditions, providing food, medical care, and access to education |
| Black Codes | laws passed in Confederate States that limited the rights and freedoms of Blacks |
| Radical Republicans | those in Congress that disagreed with Johnson that Reconstruction was over; not until freedmen were granted the rights of full citizenship |
| Civil Rights | rights guaranteed by the Constitution to all people as citizens, especially equal treatment under the law |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 | law that struck at the black codes by declaring freedmen to become full citizens with the same civil rights as whites |
| 14th Amendment | Reconstruction amendment that granted citizenship to anyone born in the United States and guaranteed all citizens equal protection under the law |
| Military Reconstruction Act | Congress divided up the South into five military districts and deemed state governments formed under Johnson to be illegal; denied any former Confederates the right to vote |
| impeachment | House of Representatives' response to President Johnson's repetitive attempts to stop Reconstruction and his firing of a Cabinet member he was not allowed to fire |
| 1 vote | President Johnson narrowly escapes removal from office (conviction) by the Senate by this many votes |
| sharecropping | a system where the landlord allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop; ensured they would remain tied to the land and unlikely to leave for other opportunities |
| Presidential Election of 1868 | (R) Ulysses S. Grant vs. (SD) Horatio Seymour; Grant wins election |
| 15th Amendment | Reconstruction amendment that declared states cannot deny anyone the right to vote because of race, color, or having once been a slave |
| Ku Klux Klan | a white supremacist hate group that came to power during the Reconstruction Era as they sought to remove Blacks from political life |
| Enforcement Acts | Congress passed this law making it illegal to prevent another person from voting by bribery, force, or scare tactics |
| Amnesty Act of 1872 | law that allowed former Confederates to vote once again |
| amnesty | forgiveness for past mistakes |
| (Disputed) Presidential Election of 1876 | (R) Rutherford B. Hayes vs. (SD) Samuel J. Tilden; 20 electoral votes were disputed and the Congressional commission gave them all to Hayes |
| Compromise of 1877 | Southern Democrats agreed to allow Hayes to become president if Republicans agreed that Hayes would immediately withdraw federal troops from the South (ending Reconstruction) |
| poll tax and literacy tests | attempts by Southern state governments to prevent Black Americans from voting |
| grandfather clause | technicality that stated that taxes and literacy tests did not apply to any man whose grandfather could vote on 1/1/1867, meaning these things only applied to Blacks and that they could not vote |
| Jim Crow Laws | laws enforcing segregation of Blacks and Whites in the South |
| Plessy v Ferguson | landmark Supreme Court case that established the doctrine of "separate but equal" |
| "separate but equal" | separation of Blacks and Whites in public places under the false idea that though separate, both were still equal |
Created by:
MissMisiak
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