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Nat GeoUnit 2
NatGeoUnit 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Population Distribution | Where people live within a geographic area |
| Clustered population | population grouped or clumped together around a central point |
| Climate | Long term patterns of weather in an area. |
| Human Migration | when people make a permanent move from one place to another |
| Population Density | the number of people occupying a unit of land |
| Arithmetic Density | the total number of people per unit area of land. (Total number of people/total land area) |
| Physiological density | The total number of people per unit of arable land |
| Arable Land | Land that can be used to grow crops |
| Agricultural Density | the total number of farmers per unit of arable land |
| Subsistence Agricultre | Farming that is providing crops and livestock for farmers family and close community |
| Carrying Capacity | Maximum population size an environment can sustain |
| Dependency Ratio | number of people in a dependent age group (under 15 over 65) divided by the number of people in the working-age group (15-64) |
| Sex Ratio | Proportion of males to females in a population |
| Demographics | data about structures and characteristics of human populations |
| Fertility | the ability to produce children |
| Crude Birth Rate | number of births in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population |
| Total Fertility Rate (TFR) | the average number of children one woman in a given country or region will have during her childbearing years |
| Mortality | deaths |
| Crude Death Rate | number of deaths of a given population per year per 1,000 people |
| Infant Mortality Rate | number of deaths of children under the age of 1 per 1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy | the average number of years a person is expected to live. |
| Population Pyramid | Graphs that show age-sex distribution of a given population, which help indicate whether a population is growing rapidly, slowly or in decline |
| Rate of Natural Increase | Crude Birth Rate - Crude Death Rate |
| Doubling Time | number of years in which a population growing at a certain rate will double (70/RNI) |
| Ubanization | growth and development of cities |
| Overpopulation | population that exceeds its sustainable size or carrying capacity. |
| Neo Malthusian | Raises concerns about sustainable use of the planet |
| Demographic Transition Model | Population trends related to birth and death rate |
| Epidemiological Transition Model | Describes changes in mortality, life expectancy, and population age distribution as a result of causes of DEATH |
| Anti-Natalist | Government policies designed to curb/decrease population growth |
| Pronatalist | encourage births and aim to accelerate population growth |
| Mobility | movement from one location to another |
| Circulation | Temporary repetitive movements recur on a regular basis |
| Human Migration | permanent movement of people from one place to another |
| Emigration | movement away from a location |
| Immigration | movement into a location |
| net migration | difference between the number of emigrants and immigrants in a location (can be negative or positive) |
| gravity model | Geographers derived from Newton's laws of universal gravitation to predict the interaction between two or more places. AS the population of a city increases, migration to that city increases. |
| Voluntary Migration | make the choice to move to a new place |
| Forced migration | people are compelled to move |
| Transnational migration | Immigrants to a new country retain strong cultural, emotional, and financial ties to their country of origin and may regularly return for visits. |
| internal migration | movement within a countries borders |
| friction of distance | the longer a journey is the more time, effort, and cost it will involve. |
| Transhumance | migration practiced by nomads who move herds between pastures at cooler, higher elevations during the summer and lower elevations during winter. |
| Chain Migration | Immigrants who follow others to a new location usually have similar reasons for leaving their home country. |
| Step Migration | series of smaller moves to get to the ultimate destination |
| Intervening Obstacle | an occurrence that holds migrants back |
| Intervening Opportunity | an occurrence that causes migrants to pause their journey by choice |
| Guest Workers | migrants who travel to a new country as temporary laborers |
| Circular Migration | migrant workers who move back and forth between their country of origin and the destination country where they work temporary jobs |
| Refugee | people who are forced to leave their country (ex fear of death) |
| Asylum | the right to protection |
| Internally Displaced Persons | people who have been forced to flee their homes but remain within their country's borders. |
| Interregional migration | movement from one region of the country to another |
| Intraregional migration | movement within one region of the ocuntry |
| quotas | limits on the number of immigrants allowed into a country each year |
| kinship links | networks of relatives and friends-led migrants to follow the same paths and settle in the same places as those who migrated before them. |
| Remittances | money earned by emigrants abroad and sent back to home countries |
| Brain drain | the loss of trained or educated people to the lure of work in another often richer country |
| relocation diffusion | the spread of ideas and culture traits through migration |
| Ravenstein's Laws of Migration | Describe trends in migration (there are 10...example 1Males migrate over longer distances than females...or migration is typically over a short distance) |
Created by:
milaphug
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