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Exam 2- China/Buddha
Ancient Chinese and Early Buddhist terms for Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| dynasty | a line of hereditary rulers of a country |
| Qin Dynasty | the first dynasty of Imperial China, lasting from 221 to 206 BC |
| Han purple | synthetic barium copper silicate pigments developed in China and used from c. 1000 BCE to the end of the Han dynasty (c. 220 CE). The pigments were used for many things including to paint vessels, walls, and the Terracotta army. |
| terra cotta | hard, baked reddish-brown clay |
| lacquer | a natural plastic; it is remarkably resistant to water, acid, and, to a certain extent, heat. In Ancient China it was made from tree sap. |
| mercury | A toxic chemical element found in cinnabar, which is used as a red pigment. |
| necropolis | a cemetery, especially a large one belonging to an ancient city |
| Silk Road | a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century |
| Terra Cotta Warriors | (210–209 CE) a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang. It was believed that this army would accompany/protect the Emperor after he died, and were suited with weapons. |
| Buddha | Lived in 6th - 5th century BCE (563-483 BCE). A religious teacher who shared his insights. |
| Buddhism | One of the world's largest religions. Modeled off of Buddha's teachings, main values include life is pain, life is in constant fluctuation, and that the self is always changing. |
| bodhisattva | a person who is able to reach nirvana but delays doing so out of compassion in order to save suffering beings |
| stupa | a dome-shaped structure erected as a Buddhist shrine |
| mudra | a symbolic or ritual gesture or pose. Most involve just the hands and/or fingers, but some include the body. |
| monastery | a building or buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows |
| jataka | images that describe the previous existences or births of the Buddha (the Enlightened One) when he appeared as Bodhisattvas (beings who are yet to attain enlightenment or moksha |
| syncretism | the amalgamation or attempted amalgamation of different religions, cultures, or schools of thought |
| fresco secco | Fresco-secco (or a secco or fresco finto) is a wall painting technique where pigments mixed with an organic binder and/or lime are applied onto a dry plaster |
| Ajanta caves | (3rd century BCE - 7th century CE) created and used as a monastery and place of worship. Walls of the cave are covered with sculptures and paintings of different important bodhisattva. |
| Padmapani image | A painting done on the wall of the Ajanta caves of Padmapani, who represents compassion. |
| Standing Buddha from Gandhara | (2nd-early 3rd century CE) From Pakistan. Shows a combination of Greek influence and Buddhist beliefs. The figure is doing mudra, stylized in a 'rounder' way, symbolic of Buddhist influence. |
Created by:
gwagoner
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