click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Stack #36576
Abdomen 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Omental Foramen boundary- anterior | portal v., hepatic a., bile duct |
Omental foramen boundary -posterior | interior vena cava |
Omenatl foramen boundary-superior | caudate lobe of liver |
omental foramen boundary-inferior | superior aspect of 1st part of duodenum |
Esophagus | passes through esophageal hiatus in diaphragm at T10, joins stomach at T11 |
Diaphragm | around hiatus - forms physiological sphincter |
physiological sphincter | prevents gastroesophageal reflux |
upper 1/3 | under conscious control |
middle 1/3 | mixid |
inferior 1/3 | under autonomic control exclusively |
vagus n. forms | plexus on esophagus & passes w/it through esophageal hiatus into abdomen |
L. gastric a. | from celiac trunk |
R. gastric a. | from hepatic a. |
R. gastro-omental | from gastroduodenal |
L. gastro-omental | from splenic |
Short gastric | from splenic |
Duodenum | 4 parts |
part 1, Duodenum | horizontal at L1 - peritonealized |
part 2, Duodenum | vertical from L1-L3, retroperitoneal, contains ampulla for bile/pancreatic duct |
part 3, Duodenum | horizontal at L3, retroperitoneal |
part 4, Duodenum | curves forward & becomes peritonealized at L2 |
Jejunum & Ilium | Peritonealized in "the mesentery" |
Jejunum | more vascular, more prominent vasa recta & more circular folds (plicae circulares for absorption) |
Cecum & appendix | intraperitoneal |
ascending colon | retroperitoneal |
transverse colon | intraperitoneal |
descending colon | retroperitoneal |
sigmoid colon | intraperitoneal |
tenia coli | longitudinal muscular bands |
haustra | pouch like sacculations |
Celiac trunk level | T12 |
Celiac trunk branches | L. gastric, splenic, common hepatic |
Celiac trunk supplies | esophagus, stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, part of duodenum, part of pancreas |
Superior Mesenteric A. level | L1 |
Superior Mesenteric A. branches | jejunal, ileal, ileocolic, r. colic, middle colic |
Superior Mesenteric A. supplies | uncinate process of pancreas, jejunum, ilium, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, most of transverse colon |
Inferior Mesenteric A. level | L3 |
Inferior Mesenteric A. branches | L. colic, sigmoid, superior rectal |
Inferior Mesenter A. supplies | distal end of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum |
Inferior Mesenteric V. drains into | splenic v. |
Splenic & superior mesenteric vv. join to form | hepatic portal v. |
L. gastric v. drains into | portal v. |
Sympathetics-Celiac trunk | Greater splanchnic n. T5-T9 |
Sympathetics-Superior Mesenteric A. | Lesser splanchnic n. T10-T11 |
Sympathetics-Inferior Mesenteric A. | Lumbar Splanchnic nn. L1-L2 |
Parasympathetics blood leaving aorta above L2 | Vagus n. |
Parasympathetics-blood leaving aorta below L2 | Pelvic splanchnic nn. (S2-S4) |
Spleen | on L. side opposite ribs 9-11 |
Spleen supported by | phrenicocolic ligament |
Spleen rupture causes | severe intraperitoneal hemorrhage |
Major site of stress-induced immune suppresssion | spleen |
Spleen becomes enlarged with | monnucleosis & portal hypertension |
Pancreas | retroperitoneal except tip of tail |
Pancreas forms | bed of stomach posterior to omental bursa |
main pancreatic duct joins | common bile duct, accessory duct is present sometimes |
abdominal impact | results in rupture against verterbral column |
duct damage | results in auto-digestion |
Pancreatitis | results from blockage of ducts (gallstones), excessive alcohol consumption, medications |
Liver #___ Lobes | 4 |
Lobes of liver | right, left, caudate, quadrate |
Liver recieves blood from | hepatic artery & portal v. |
Liver drains into | inferior vena cava |
Liver toxicity | alcohol, acetominophen, antifreeze |
Liver disease | cirrhosis |
Liver - a lot of matastases because | organs which drain through poral vein |
R. & L. hepatic ducts join to | form common hepatic duct |
Common hepatic duct joins cystic duct to form | common bile duct |
cystic duct has | spiral configuration - serves as valve |
Gallbladder | in costal margin at midclavicular line |
Gallstones | block duct causing pain (following high lipid meal) |
Gallbladder innervation | celiac plexus - receive sensory afferents from R. Phrenic n. perceived in C3-C5 dermatomes |
Esophageal & azygos vv. | esophageal varices |
Superior & inferiro rectal vv. | hemorrhoids |
paraumbilical vv. to anterior abdominal wall | caput medusae |