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Stack #36574
Thorax Miscellaneous
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| superior mediastinum | above imaginary line from sternal angle to T4/T5 |
| superior mediatstinum contains | thymus, brachiocephalic vv. & SVC, aortic arch & branches; vagus, phrenic, l. recurrent laryngeal nn., cardiac plexus, esophagus, thoracic duct |
| phrenic nerves | descend lateral & anterior to vagus nn. |
| R. recurrent laryngeal n. | (from r. vagus n.) curves aroung r. subclavian a. (brachicephalic trunk) to swing superiorly |
| L. recurrent laryngeal n. | departs from L. vagus to loop under arch of aorta before ascending |
| Phrenic nerves | innervate pericardium & diaphragm |
| Vagus nerves | contribute to cardiac & pulmonary plexuses then form esophageal plexus & travel w/esophagus into abdomen |
| On Right, autonomics | form deep cardiace plexus along bifurcation of trachea |
| R. vagal trunk | swings posteriorly to form posterior esophageal plexus |
| On Left, autonomics | form superficial cardiac plexus along anterior surface of aortic arch |
| L. vagal trunk forms | anterior esophageal plexus |
| sympathetic trunks | pass posterior to diaphrahm to enter abdomen |
| thoracic spalanchnic nn. | (preganglionic sympathetic fibers descending into abdomen) - greater, lesser, least |
| Greater spalanchnic n. | from T5-T9 |
| Lesser spalanchnic n. | from T10-111 |
| Least spalanchnic n. | from T12 |
| Azygos venous system | originates w/ascending lumbar vv. in abdomen |
| Azygos v. | complete on R. side & empties into SVC |
| Azygos v. receives | blood from hemiazygos & accessory hemiazygos on L. side |
| Upper 3 or 4 intercostal spaces on left | drain superiorly into L. superior intercostal v. |
| Abdominal Fascia | superficial, deep, transversalis, parietal peritoneum |
| Superficial abdominal fascia | camper's & scarpa's |
| Campers fat | outer, fatty |
| Scarpas fat | inner, membranous |
| Deep Abdominal Fascia | invests mm. |
| Transversalis abdominal fascia | deep to transversus abdominis, incomplete |
| Arcuate Line - above | aponeurosis of internal oblique & transversaus abdominis contribute to the posterior of rectus sheath |
| Arcuate Line - below | only transversalis fascia separates rectus m. from peritoneum |
| dermatomal landmarks-T4 | nipple |
| dermatomal landmarks-T7 | xiphoid process |
| dermatomal landmarks-T10 | umbilicus |
| dermatomal landmarks-T12 | top of pubic symphysis |
Created by:
JYarger
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