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Political Thought

Midterm

QuestionAnswer
Normative political theory Is a value-oriented political theory. It focuses on what ought to be rather than what is or what’s going on.
Empirical political theory This theory wants to explain what is actually happening, to the one who exists and to make political reality dependent on information
Difference between normative and empirical political theory Normative theory involves the evaluation of things based on labels of what is good and what is bad while the empirical approach involves the use of observations according to concrete evidence so things can be explained with accuracy and precision
Positive Liberty Emphasizes on freedom to act upon one’s will, to take control of one’s life and have the ability to achieve one’s goals.
Negative Liberty Emphasizes on freedom from outside interference
2 major dilemmas of government Are between order and freedom and between freedom and equality.
Alexis de Tocqueville believes That equality was the great political and social idea of his era, and he thought that the United States offered the most advanced example of equality in action.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau believes This essay was in response to a question posed for a prize competition by the Academy of Dijon. The question posed was: “What is the origin of inequality among men, and is it authorized by natural law?”
Thomas Paine believes Made an irrefutable argument for separation from England and described the revolution as not only achievable but inevitable.
Michael Oakeshott is about holding certain belief concerning how a governing activity should be done and its appropriate tools. This belief is hypothetically grasp and rather traditional. He believed that the consistency lies in the preservation of order.
“Monty” Montesquieu The Spirit of the Laws is first and foremost an analysis of political states and the governments and legal systems that have emerged within them, and he examines a wide range of various political contexts.
John Stuart Mill’s essay “On Liberty” believes he explores the question of whether society has a right to suppress an individual’s expression and opinions.
Niccolo Machiavelli believes Examinations of politics and science from a purely scientific and rational perspective. Machiavelli theorizes that the state is only created if the people cooperate and work to maintain it. The state is also one of man’s greatest endeavors,
John Locke believes The natural liberty of man is to be free from any superior power on earth, and not to be under the will or legislative authority of man, but to have only the law of nature for his rule.
Thomas Hobbes believes The work concerns the structure of society and legitimate government, and is regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples of social contract theory
Edmund Burkes (Speech on Conciliation with America) To restore order and repose to an empire so great and so distracted as ours is, merely in the attempt, is an undertaking that would ennoble the flights of the highest genius and obtain pardon for the efforts of the meanest understanding.
Edmund Burkes (Reflections on the Revolution in France) Explains that he does not approve of the French Revolution, or the Revolution Society, which is in contact with France’s National Assembly and seeks to extend Revolutionary principles in England.
Aristotle, from The Politics Theorized that in a perfect world, a monarchy would be a benevolent dictatorship, an aristocracy would be rule by the virtuous and democracy would be rule by the people. But because of human frailty, monarchy actually becomes tyranny
Created by: Matt58
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